升级Android Studio后:app:checkDebugDuplicateClasses任务失败求助

环境配置 #

• 已更新Android Studio
• Gradle相关配置：
  项目级build.gradle中的classpath：

  classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.3.1'
  

  gradle-wrapper.properties中的distributionUrl：

  distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.6-bin.zip
  

构建错误信息 #

Task :app:checkDebugDuplicateClasses FAILED

> A failure occurred while executing com.android.build.gradle.internal.tasks.CheckDuplicatesRunnable
   > Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.GeneratedAppGlideModule found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.GenericTransitionOptions found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.Glide found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.GlideBuilder found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.GlideBuilder$1 found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.GlideContext found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.ListPreloader found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.ListPreloader$PreloadModelProvider found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.ListPreloader$PreloadSizeProvider found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.ListPreloader$PreloadTarget found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.ListPreloader$PreloadTargetQueue found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.MemoryCategory found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.ModelTypes found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.Priority found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.Registry found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.Registry$MissingComponentException found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.Registry$NoImageHeaderParserException found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.Registry$NoModelLoaderAvailableException found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.Registry$NoResultEncoderAvailableException found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.Registry$NoSourceEncoderAvailableException found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.RequestBuilder found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.RequestBuilder$1 found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.RequestBuilder$2 found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.RequestManager found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.RequestManager$1 found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.RequestManager$2 found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.RequestManager$ClearTarget found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.RequestManager$RequestManagerConnectivityListener found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.TransitionOptions found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.DataSource found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.DecodeFormat found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.EncodeStrategy found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.Encoder found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.HttpException found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.ImageHeaderParser found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.ImageHeaderParser$ImageType found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.ImageHeaderParserUtils found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.Key found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.MultiTransformation found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.Option found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.Option$1 found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.Option$CacheKeyUpdater found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.Options found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.ResourceDecoder found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.ResourceEncoder found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)
     Duplicate class com.bumptech.glide.load.Transformation found in modules glide-4.4.0 (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0) and glide-4.4.0-runtime (com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0)

解决方案 #

1. 检查并移除重复的Glide依赖 #

打开app/build.gradle，查看dependencies块，确认是否同时引入了com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0和com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0-runtime。如果是，直接删除runtime版本的依赖——主Glide依赖已经包含runtime模块的所有内容，重复引入会导致类冲突。

2. 排查间接依赖导致的重复 #

如果手动引入的依赖没有重复，大概率是第三方库间接引入了Glide的runtime模块。执行以下命令查看完整依赖树：

# macOS/Linux
./gradlew app:dependencies

# Windows
gradlew.bat app:dependencies

在输出中查找com.github.bumptech.glide相关的依赖，找到重复引入的来源，然后在对应的依赖中排除runtime模块：

// 如果是主Glide依赖被重复引入
implementation ('com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.4.0') {
    exclude module: 'glide-runtime'
}

// 如果是第三方库带的重复依赖
implementation ('第三方库的完整坐标') {
    exclude group: 'com.github.bumptech.glide', module: 'glide-runtime'
}

3. 清理构建缓存并重新构建 #

• 点击Android Studio菜单栏的File -> Invalidate Caches... -> Invalidate and Restart，清理IDE缓存并重启
• 或者在终端执行命令清理项目构建缓存：

# macOS/Linux
./gradlew clean build

# Windows
gradlew.bat clean build

4. 升级Glide版本（可选） #

Glide 4.4.0属于较旧版本，可能存在依赖结构设计的问题。升级到稳定的新版本（如4.16.0）可以避免这类问题，同时记得同步升级注解处理器：

implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.16.0'
annotationProcessor 'com.github.bumptech.glide:compiler:4.16.0'

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Niklas