im issues CLI命令在终端可用但Python subprocess执行报错求助

我有一条im issues CLI命令可在命令行正常执行，但使用Python subprocess模块执行时出现错误：

*** The query and queryDefinition options are incompatible with an issue selection.

命令行可正常运行的命令：

im issues --queryDefinition='((field["Project"]="/L2H0090") and (field["Document ID"]="11601660") and (field["Status_fld"]="reviewed","released","approved") and (field["Category"]="Software Test") and (field["External ID"]contains"Fully_Automated"))'

使用的Python代码：

import subprocess

string = "im issues --queryDefinition="+'((field["Project"]="/L2H0090") and (field["Document ID"]="11601660") and (field["Status_fld"]="reviewed","released","approved") and (field["Category"]="Software Test") and (field["External ID"]contains"Fully_Automated"))'
try:
    result = subprocess.check_output(string)
    print(result)
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
    print(e.output)

我尝试过多种字符串传入方式，但每次都会出现相同错误，恳请协助提供可在Python中正常执行的正确命令字符串。

问题核心是subprocess.check_output直接传入整串命令时，shell对参数的解析逻辑和命令行手动执行不一致，导致查询条件里的特殊字符（引号、逗号）被错误拆分，触发了CLI的参数冲突检测。

方法1：使用参数列表形式传入（推荐） #

将命令拆分为独立的参数列表，完全避免shell解析带来的歧义：

import subprocess

cmd = [
    "im",
    "issues",
    "--queryDefinition",
    '((field["Project"]="/L2H0090") and (field["Document ID"]="11601660") and (field["Status_fld"]="reviewed","released","approved") and (field["Category"]="Software Test") and (field["External ID"]contains"Fully_Automated"))'
]
try:
    # 捕获stderr避免错误信息被隐藏
    result = subprocess.check_output(cmd, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
    print(result.decode('utf-8'))
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
    print(e.output.decode('utf-8'))

方法2：保留字符串形式并启用shell解析 #

如果必须用整串命令，需确保引号转义正确，同时指定shell=True让shell按命令行逻辑解析：

import subprocess

cmd_str = 'im issues --queryDefinition=\'((field["Project"]="/L2H0090") and (field["Document ID"]="11601660") and (field["Status_fld"]="reviewed","released","approved") and (field["Category"]="Software Test") and (field["External ID"]contains"Fully_Automated"))\''
try:
    result = subprocess.check_output(cmd_str, shell=True, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
    print(result.decode('utf-8'))
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
    print(e.output.decode('utf-8'))

注意：shell=True存在安全风险，若命令包含不可信输入可能导致注入问题，优先使用方法1。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user7482089