Mac系统Spyder读取Excel为DataFrame时遇TypeError问题求助

问题重现 #

在Mac的Spyder环境下，尝试用pandas读取Excel文件转为DataFrame，初始代码如下：

import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_excel(r"/Users/myusername/Desktop/Test.xlsx")
print(df)

执行后持续抛出以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages/IPython/core/async_helpers.py:129 in _pseudo_sync_runner
    coro.send(None)

  File ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py:3260 in run_cell_async
    self.displayhook.exec_result = result

  File ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages/traitlets/traitlets.py:729 in __set__
    self.set(obj, value)

  File ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages/traitlets/traitlets.py:703 in set
    new_value = self._validate(obj, value)

  File ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages/traitlets/traitlets.py:735 in _validate
    value = self.validate(obj, value)

  File ~/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages/traitlets/traitlets.py:2144 in validate
    if isinstance(value, self.klass):  # type:ignore[arg-type]

TypeError: isinstance() arg 2 must be a type, a tuple of types, or a union

ERROR! Session/line number was not unique in database. History logging moved to new session 104

已确认openpyxl已安装，且尝试修改读取参数：

df = pd.read_excel(open('Test.xlsx', 'rb'), sheet_name='Sheet3')

但错误依旧。

解决方案 #

这个错误并非pandas读取Excel本身的问题，而是IPython/traitlets版本不兼容导致的，具体是traitlets模块的类型校验逻辑出现异常。可以通过以下步骤解决：

• 升级traitlets到兼容版本
  在终端执行：

pip install --upgrade traitlets==5.9.0

该版本与Python3.10、IPython的兼容性较好。

• 重启Spyder
  升级完成后，完全关闭Spyder再重新打开，执行读取代码即可正常运行。

• 备选方案：指定读取引擎
  如果升级后仍有问题，可以在read_excel中明确指定引擎为openpyxl，确保读取逻辑正确：

import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_excel(r"/Users/myusername/Desktop/Test.xlsx", engine='openpyxl')
print(df)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Henry23