M1芯片Mac构建phpdockerio/php73-fpm Docker镜像时出错求助

在M1芯片Mac上构建Docker镜像时，执行到RUN npm install -global yarn步骤出现错误：

rpc error: code = Unknown desc = process "/bin/sh -c npm install -global yarn" did not complete successfully: exit code: 127

注释该行后，后续执行pear/pecl相关命令时仍弹出相同错误信息。使用的Dockerfile如下：

FROM --platform=linux/arm64 phpdockerio/php73-fpm:latest

# Install nodeJS
RUN curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x | bash -

# Install selected extensions and other stuff
RUN export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive && \
    apt-get update && apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install \
    supervisor \
    cron \
    git \
    ssh \
    nano \
    zip \
    php7.3-mysql \
    php7.3-mbstring \
    php7.3-gd \
    php7.3-soap \
    php7.3-dev \
    php7.3-pdo \
    curl \
    php-pear \
    nodejs \
    apt-transport-https \
    && apt-get clean; rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /usr/share/doc/*
RUN npm install -global yarn

# Install Composer
RUN cd /usr/src
RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer --version=1.10.16


# Install MSSQL extention
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -qy apt-transport-https
RUN curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -
RUN curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/debian/9/prod.list > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list
RUN apt-get update
#RUN ACCEPT_EULA=Y apt-get -y install msodbcsql17 mssql-tools g++ unixodbc-dev make
RUN ACCEPT_EULA=Y apt-get -y install openssl mssql-tools g++ unixodbc-dev make
RUN apt-get update -yqq \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends openssl \
    && sed -i 's,^\(MinProtocol[ ]*=\).*,\1'TLSv1.0',g' /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf \
    && sed -i 's,^\(CipherString[ ]*=\).*,\1'DEFAULT@SECLEVEL=1',g' /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf
RUN pear config-set php_ini `php --ini | grep "Loaded Configuration" | sed -e "s|.*:\s*||"` system
RUN pecl channel-update pecl.php.net
RUN pecl install sqlsrv-5.9.0
RUN pecl install pdo_sqlsrv-5.9.0

RUN printf "; priority=30\nextension=pdo\n" > /etc/php/7.3/fpm/conf.d/30-pdo.ini
RUN printf "; priority=40\nextension=sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/7.3/fpm/conf.d/40-sqlsrv.ini
RUN printf "; priority=50\nextension=pdo_sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/7.3/fpm/conf.d/50-pdo_sqlsrv.ini

RUN printf "; priority=30\nextension=pdo\n" > /etc/php/7.3/cli/conf.d/30-pdo.ini
RUN printf "; priority=40\nextension=sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/7.3/cli/conf.d/40-sqlsrv.ini
RUN printf "; priority=50\nextension=pdo_sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/7.3/cli/conf.d/50-pdo_sqlsrv.ini

## Fixed locals for MSSQL extention
RUN apt-get install -y locales
RUN echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen
RUN locale-gen


# Setup supervisor
RUN mkdir -p /var/log/supervisor
ADD .docker/php/crontab /etc/cron.d/laravel
ADD .docker/php/supervisord.conf /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf
ADD .docker/php/php.ini /etc/php/7.3/fpm/php.ini

WORKDIR /var/www

• 问题根源：exit code 127表示系统找不到指定命令，这里是因为npm/pear/pecl的路径未加入环境变量，或者Docker分层构建导致缓存失效，容器无法识别新安装的命令；再加上M1的arm64架构特性，部分工具的默认安装路径可能与x86环境不同。

• 具体修复步骤：

  1. 合并安装命令到同一层，强制刷新环境变量：把nodejs安装、依赖安装、yarn安装合并到同一个RUN指令，避免分层缓存导致的路径问题，同时手动指定环境变量路径。修改相关代码块为：

     # Install nodeJS, dependencies and yarn
     RUN curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x | bash - && \
         export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive && \
         apt-get update && apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install \
         supervisor \
         cron \
         git \
         ssh \
         nano \
         zip \
         php7.3-mysql \
         php7.3-mbstring \
         php7.3-gd \
         php7.3-soap \
         php7.3-dev \
         php7.3-pdo \
         curl \
         php-pear \
         nodejs \
         apt-transport-https \
         && apt-get clean; rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /usr/share/doc/* && \
         npm install -g yarn && \
         export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin"
     

  2. 明确指定pear/pecl的绝对路径：避免环境变量问题导致的命令找不到，修改pear相关命令为：

     RUN /usr/bin/pear config-set php_ini `php --ini | grep "Loaded Configuration" | sed -e "s|.*:\s*||"` system
     RUN /usr/bin/pecl channel-update pecl.php.net
     RUN /usr/bin/pecl install sqlsrv-5.9.0
     RUN /usr/bin/pecl install pdo_sqlsrv-5.9.0
     

  3. 合并MSSQL扩展安装命令，清理无效缓存：之前的apt-get clean已清空缓存，将MSSQL相关安装指令合并，减少分层并确保源有效：

     # Install MSSQL extension
     RUN export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive && \
         curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add - && \
         curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/debian/9/prod.list > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list && \
         apt-get update && \
         ACCEPT_EULA=Y apt-get -y install openssl mssql-tools g++ unixodbc-dev make && \
         sed -i 's,^\(MinProtocol[ ]*=\).*,\1TLSv1.0,g' /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf && \
         sed -i 's,^\(CipherString[ ]*=\).*,\1DEFAULT@SECLEVEL=1,g' /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf && \
         apt-get clean; rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /usr/share/doc/*
     

  4. 强制重建镜像：执行以下命令清理旧缓存并重新构建：

     docker-compose build --no-cache
     docker-compose up -d
     

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mariano Alesandro