如何为同一URL在WireMock中配置两个不同的错误重试后成功场景？

完全可以通过WireMock的**Scenarios（场景）**功能实现你需要的两个独立请求响应流，每个场景会维护自身的状态流转，即使针对同一URL也不会互相干扰。

场景1："server error 3 times" #

针对目标URL，实现前3次请求返回503，第4次及之后返回200：

JSON配置示例（可放入WireMock mappings目录） #

[
  {
    "request": {
      "method": "GET",
      "url": "/your-target-url"
    },
    "response": {
      "status": 503,
      "body": "Service Unavailable"
    },
    "scenarioName": "server error 3 times",
    "requiredScenarioState": "Started",
    "newScenarioState": "after-1st-503"
  },
  {
    "request": {
      "method": "GET",
      "url": "/your-target-url"
    },
    "response": {
      "status": 503,
      "body": "Service Unavailable"
    },
    "scenarioName": "server error 3 times",
    "requiredScenarioState": "after-1st-503",
    "newScenarioState": "after-2nd-503"
  },
  {
    "request": {
      "method": "GET",
      "url": "/your-target-url"
    },
    "response": {
      "status": 503,
      "body": "Service Unavailable"
    },
    "scenarioName": "server error 3 times",
    "requiredScenarioState": "after-2nd-503",
    "newScenarioState": "success-state"
  },
  {
    "request": {
      "method": "GET",
      "url": "/your-target-url"
    },
    "response": {
      "status": 200,
      "body": "Success"
    },
    "scenarioName": "server error 3 times",
    "requiredScenarioState": "success-state"
  }
]

场景2："authorization error 3 times" #

同样针对目标URL，实现前3次请求返回403，第4次及之后返回200：

JSON配置示例 #

[
  {
    "request": {
      "method": "GET",
      "url": "/your-target-url"
    },
    "response": {
      "status": 403,
      "body": "Forbidden"
    },
    "scenarioName": "authorization error 3 times",
    "requiredScenarioState": "Started",
    "newScenarioState": "after-1st-403"
  },
  {
    "request": {
      "method": "GET",
      "url": "/your-target-url"
    },
    "response": {
      "status": 403,
      "body": "Forbidden"
    },
    "scenarioName": "authorization error 3 times",
    "requiredScenarioState": "after-1st-403",
    "newScenarioState": "after-2nd-403"
  },
  {
    "request": {
      "method": "GET",
      "url": "/your-target-url"
    },
    "response": {
      "status": 403,
      "body": "Forbidden"
    },
    "scenarioName": "authorization error 3 times",
    "requiredScenarioState": "after-2nd-403",
    "newScenarioState": "auth-success-state"
  },
  {
    "request": {
      "method": "GET",
      "url": "/your-target-url"
    },
    "response": {
      "status": 200,
      "body": "Success"
    },
    "scenarioName": "authorization error 3 times",
    "requiredScenarioState": "auth-success-state"
  }
]

使用说明 #

• 场景隔离：两个场景通过scenarioName字段区分，各自维护独立的状态，不会互相干扰。
• 状态流转：每个stub通过requiredScenarioState指定触发的当前场景状态，newScenarioState设置响应后的新状态。初始状态固定为Started（WireMock内置的初始状态）。
• 重置场景：如果需要重新测试某个场景，可以通过WireMock的管理API重置场景状态：

  # 重置server error场景到初始状态
  curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/__admin/scenarios/server%20error%203%20times/state --data '"Started"' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
  
  # 重置authorization error场景到初始状态
  curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/__admin/scenarios/authorization%20error%203%20times/state --data '"Started"' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
  

Java代码配置示例（可选） #

如果使用WireMock的Java API，可以这样配置：

import static com.github.tomakehurst.wiremock.client.WireMock.*;

public class WireMockScenarios {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WireMockServer wireMockServer = new WireMockServer(8080);
        wireMockServer.start();

        // 配置server error场景
        wireMockServer.stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/your-target-url"))
                .inScenario("server error 3 times")
                .whenScenarioStateIs(STARTED)
                .willReturn(aResponse().withStatus(503).withBody("Service Unavailable"))
                .willSetStateTo("after-1st-503"));

        wireMockServer.stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/your-target-url"))
                .inScenario("server error 3 times")
                .whenScenarioStateIs("after-1st-503")
                .willReturn(aResponse().withStatus(503).withBody("Service Unavailable"))
                .willSetStateTo("after-2nd-503"));

        wireMockServer.stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/your-target-url"))
                .inScenario("server error 3 times")
                .whenScenarioStateIs("after-2nd-503")
                .willReturn(aResponse().withStatus(503).withBody("Service Unavailable"))
                .willSetStateTo("success-state"));

        wireMockServer.stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/your-target-url"))
                .inScenario("server error 3 times")
                .whenScenarioStateIs("success-state")
                .willReturn(aResponse().withStatus(200).withBody("Success")));

        // 配置authorization error场景
        wireMockServer.stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/your-target-url"))
                .inScenario("authorization error 3 times")
                .whenScenarioStateIs(STARTED)
                .willReturn(aResponse().withStatus(403).withBody("Forbidden"))
                .willSetStateTo("after-1st-403"));

        wireMockServer.stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/your-target-url"))
                .inScenario("authorization error 3 times")
                .whenScenarioStateIs("after-1st-403")
                .willReturn(aResponse().withStatus(403).withBody("Forbidden"))
                .willSetStateTo("after-2nd-403"));

        wireMockServer.stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/your-target-url"))
                .inScenario("authorization error 3 times")
                .whenScenarioStateIs("after-2nd-403")
                .willReturn(aResponse().withStatus(403).withBody("Forbidden"))
                .willSetStateTo("auth-success-state"));

        wireMockServer.stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/your-target-url"))
                .inScenario("authorization error 3 times")
                .whenScenarioStateIs("auth-success-state")
                .willReturn(aResponse().withStatus(200).withBody("Success")));
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者tarekahf