如何将给定XML Payload转换为指定结构的JSON输出？

输入XML Payload #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes" ?>
<item>
<item_status>2</item_status>
<item_number>null</item_number>
<details>
<order_flag>
<tag>0000</tag>
<item_line>
<item_quantity>10</item_quantity>
<count>1</count>
</item_line>
<item_line>
<item_quantity>8</item_quantity>
<count>5</count>
</item_line>
</order_flag>
<order_flag>
<tag>1111</tag>
<item_line>
<item_quantity>15</item_quantity>
<count>2</count>
</item_line>
<item_line>
<item_quantity>25</item_quantity>
<count>3</count>
</item_line>
</order_flag>
</details>
</item>

期望输出JSON #

{
  "item_status": "2",
  "item_number": null,
  "order_flag": {
    "tag": "0000",
    "item_line": [
         {
            "item_quantity":"10",
            "count":"1",
            "brand": "null"
         },
         {
            "item_quantity":"8",
            "count":"5",
            "brand": "null"
         }
         ]
  },
  "order_flag":{
      "tag":"1111",
      "item_line":[
         {
            "item_quantity":"15",
            "count":"2",
            "brand": "null"
         },
         {
            "item_quantity":"25",
            "count":"3",
            "brand": "null"
         }
         ]
   }   
}

实现思路与代码 #

注意：目标JSON存在重复的order_flag键，这不符合JSON规范（常规解析工具会用后出现的键覆盖前一个），但按需求实现。以下用Python结合xmltodict库完成转换：

1. 安装依赖

pip install xmltodict

2. 转换代码

import xmltodict

# 输入XML内容
xml_content = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes" ?>
<item>
<item_status>2</item_status>
<item_number>null</item_number>
<details>
<order_flag>
<tag>0000</tag>
<item_line>
<item_quantity>10</item_quantity>
<count>1</count>
</item_line>
<item_line>
<item_quantity>8</item_quantity>
<count>5</count>
</item_line>
</order_flag>
<order_flag>
<tag>1111</tag>
<item_line>
<item_quantity>15</item_quantity>
<count>2</count>
</item_line>
<item_line>
<item_quantity>25</item_quantity>
<count>3</count>
</item_line>
</order_flag>
</details>
</item>
"""

# 解析XML为字典结构
xml_dict = xmltodict.parse(xml_content)['item']

# 构建基础JSON字符串
json_str = f"""{{
  "item_status": "{xml_dict['item_status']}",
  "item_number": {None if xml_dict['item_number'] == 'null' else f'"{xml_dict["item_number"]}"'},
"""

# 遍历每个order_flag，拼接对应JSON片段
for flag in xml_dict['details']['order_flag']:
    # 处理当前flag下的item_line
    line_fragments = []
    for line in flag['item_line']:
        line_frag = f"""         {{
            "item_quantity":"{line['item_quantity']}",
            "count":"{line['count']}",
            "brand": "null"
         }}"""
        line_fragments.append(line_frag)
    
    # 拼接当前order_flag的完整片段
    flag_frag = f"""   "order_flag":{{
      "tag":"{flag['tag']}",
      "item_line":[
{',\n'.join(line_fragments)}
         ]
   }}"""
    json_str += flag_frag + ',\n'

# 清理末尾逗号并闭合JSON结构
json_str = json_str.rstrip(',\n') + '\n}'

# 输出结果
print(json_str)

关键说明 #

• 由于JSON规范不允许对象存在重复键，常规json.dumps方法会自动覆盖重复键，因此采用手动拼接字符串的方式保留重复的order_flag。
• 将XML中字符串类型的"null"转换为JSON原生的null值。
• 为每个item_line对象补充了brand字段，值固定为"null"。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者james11