如何从客户端获取未关联分支的Git refs/results引用？

核心操作步骤 #

1. 临时拉取结果引用

如果仅需获取某一次源码提交对应的测试结果，执行以下命令（替换<源码提交哈希>为目标提交的哈希值，比如deadbeef）：

git fetch origin refs/results/<源码提交哈希>:refs/remotes/origin/results/<源码提交哈希>

若要一次性拉取服务器上所有测试结果引用，执行：

git fetch origin 'refs/results/*:refs/remotes/origin/results/*'

2. 永久配置自动拉取

如果希望每次执行git fetch时自动同步refs/results命名空间下的所有引用，修改本地仓库的.git/config文件：
找到[remote "origin"]段落，添加一行配置：

fetch = +refs/results/*:refs/remotes/origin/results/*

之后执行git fetch就会自动拉取所有测试结果引用。

3. 查看或访问结果

拉取完成后，可通过以下方式操作：

• 查看结果提交的内容：git show origin/results/<源码提交哈希>
• 切换到结果提交的工作区（进入 detached HEAD 模式）：git checkout origin/results/<源码提交哈希>
• 查看最新测试结果（钩子会自动更新results标签）：

  git fetch origin results
  git show results
  

现有实现背景 #

Git日志结构

仓库的日志结构如下（测试结果提交与源码提交平行独立存在）：

* bot: add results from `make run`
 /
* Change experimental setup
|
| * bot: add results from `make run`
|
* Add feature
|
| * bot: add results from `make run`
|
* Initial commit

设计动机

为每个测试结果创建独立提交节点的原因：

• 测试输出通常体积较大，无需为其保留完整分支历史
• 结果与源码提交一一绑定，可通过源码哈希快速定位对应测试结果，保证实验复现性

完整post-receive钩子代码

#!/bin/sh -e

# post-receive hook receives its arguments on stdin
# in case multiple branches are pushed at once, we use a while loop
while read oldrev newrev refname
do
    branch=$(git rev-parse --symbolic --abbrev-ref "${refname}")
    if [ "${branch}" = "run" ]; then
    cd ..
    unset GIT_DIR

        git checkout run

        # Enter detached-HEAD mode.
        # Commits made are not added to any particular branch.
        git checkout HEAD

    # In the event of error, we must checkout dummy so users can push to the run
    # branch (pushing is not allowed if the branch is checked out).
    make run || git checkout -B dummy

        git add --all
        git commit --message 'results from `make run`' \
           --author 'results bot <@>'

        # Add a reference so we can find the results commit using the hash of
        # the commit containing the code used to generate the results.
        git update-ref "refs/results/$(git rev-parse HEAD~)" HEAD

    # Also tag the latest results "results"
    git tag --delete results
    git tag results HEAD

        # Now, if we have some code in commit deadbeef..., its results can be
        # found in refs/results/deadbeef...  This ref will be transferred to
        # the user next time they run `git fetch` or `git pull`.

        # Finally, un-checkout run. Having it checked out will interfere with
    # users pushing code to it.
    git checkout -B dummy

    cd -
    fi
done

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Zaz