安装Flutter/Dart包后iOS项目运行失败，报CocoaPods编码错误

刚完成Android Studio、Xcode、CocoaPods及Flutter/Dart SDK的安装，新建Flutter项目能在iOS和Android端正常运行。但安装Flutter/Dart包后，执行flutter run时iOS端运行失败，报错信息如下：

报错信息 #

Launching lib/main.dart on iPhone 14 Pro Max in debug mode...
Running pod install...
Error output from CocoaPods:
↳
WARNING: CocoaPods requires your terminal to be using UTF-8 encoding.
Consider adding the following to ~/.profile:

export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/unicode_normalize/normalize.rb:141:in `normalize': Unicode Normalization not appropriate for ASCII-8BIT (Encoding::CompatibilityError)
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.12.1/lib/cocoapods/config.rb:166:in `unicode_normalize'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.12.1/lib/cocoapods/config.rb:166:in `installation_root'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.12.1/lib/cocoapods/config.rb:226:in `podfile_path'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.12.1/lib/cocoapods/user_interface/error_report.rb:105:in `markdown_podfile'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.12.1/lib/cocoapods/user_interface/error_report.rb:30:in `report'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.12.1/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:66:in `report_error'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.1.0/lib/claide/command.rb:396:in `handle_exception'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.1.0/lib/claide/command.rb:337:in `rescue in run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.1.0/lib/claide/command.rb:324:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.12.1/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:52:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.12.1/bin/pod:55:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `load'
    from /usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `<main>'
Error running pod install
Error launching application on iPhone 14 Pro Max.

flutter doctor -v 输出 #

memmcol@memmcols-MBP demo % flutter doctor -v
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.10.6, on macOS 13.4.1 22F770820d darwin-x64, locale en-NG)
• Flutter version 3.10.6 on channel stable at /Users/memmcol/development/flutter
• Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
• Framework revision f468f3366c (8 days ago), 2023-07-12 15:19:05 -0700
• Engine revision cdbeda788a
• Dart version 3.0.6
• DevTools version 2.23.1

[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 34.0.0)
• Android SDK at /Users/memmcol/Library/Android/sdk
• Platform android-34, build-tools 34.0.0
• Java binary at: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java
• Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b802.4-9586694)
• All Android licenses accepted.

[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 14.3.1)
• Xcode at /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
• Build 14E300c
• CocoaPods version 1.12.1

[✗] Chrome - develop for the web (Cannot find Chrome executable at /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome)
! Cannot find Chrome. Try setting CHROME_EXECUTABLE to a Chrome executable.

[✓] Android Studio (version 2022.2)
• Android Studio at /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents
• Flutter plugin can be installed from:
🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
• Dart plugin can be installed from:
🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
• Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.6+0-17.0.6b802.4-9586694)

[✓] Connected device (2 available)
• iPhone 14 Pro Max (mobile) • 99935478-7F27-4F63-A005-89ABC3F5B1DA • ios        • com.apple.CoreSimulator.SimRuntime.iOS-16-4 (simulator)
• macOS (desktop)            • macos                                • darwin-x64 • macOS 13.4.1 22F770820d darwin-x64

[✓] Network resources
• All expected network resources are available.

! Doctor found issues in 1 category.

已尝试的无效方案 #

方案一 #

• cd ios
• pod cache clean --all
• pod clean
• pod deintegrate
• sudo gem install cocoapods-deintegrate cocoapods-clean
• sudo arch -x86_64 gem install ffi
• arch -x86_64 pod repo update
• arch -x86_64 pod install

方案二 #

• flutter clean
• rm -Rf ios/Pods
• rm -Rf ios/.symlinks
• rm -Rf ios/Flutter/Flutter.framework
• rm -Rf ios/Flutter/Flutter.podspec
• flutter pub get
• cd ios
• pod install
• arch -x86_64 pod install
• cd ..
• flutter build ios
• flutter run

有效解决办法 #

从报错信息能看出核心问题是终端UTF-8编码未正确设置，CocoaPods依赖该编码环境运行。按以下步骤操作：

1. 打开终端，编辑你的shell配置文件（zsh用户编辑~/.zshrc；bash用户编辑~/.bash_profile或~/.profile）：

   nano ~/.zshrc
   

2. 在文件末尾添加两行编码配置：

   export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
   export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
   

3. 保存并退出nano：按Ctrl+O回车确认保存，再按Ctrl+X退出。

4. 让配置立即生效：

   source ~/.zshrc
   

5. 验证编码是否设置成功：

   echo $LANG
   echo $LC_ALL
   

   输出均应为en_US.UTF-8

6. 回到Flutter项目目录，重新执行清理和安装：

   flutter clean
   cd ios
   pod deintegrate
   pod install
   cd ..
   flutter run
   

额外检查点 #

如果上述步骤无效，检查你的项目路径是否包含中文、特殊字符（空格以外的符号），CocoaPods对非ASCII路径兼容性较差，建议将项目移到纯英文路径下重试。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者abeeb ilias