Laravel/PHP中如何将表单提交的数组按成员分组重组？

问题背景 #

通过循环生成的家庭成员收集表单提交后，Laravel控制器接收到的是按字段（如fname、lname）分组的数组，需要将其重组为以每个家庭成员为独立对象的结构化数组。

表单代码 #

// Family Members form
//this family form will add 3 more times as the total member in this fmaily are 4 who are still living
@for($i=1;$i<= $totalMembs;$i++) 
<input type="hidden" name="id[]" value="{{$i}}" >
<input type="text" name="fname[]" value="" >
<input type="text" name="lname[]" value="" >
<input type="date" name="dob[]" value="" >
<input type="radio" name="gender[{{$i}}]" id="genderM" value="male" >
<input type="radio" name="gender[{{$i}}]" id="genderF" value="female">
 <select name="nationality[]" id="nationality{{$i}}">
    <option value="">Please select</option>
    <option value="India">Indian</option>
    <option value="USA">USA</option>
    <option value="UK">UK</option>
    <option value="AUS">AUS</option>
 </select>
 <input type="text" name="birthPlace[]" value="">
 <select name="state[]" id="state{{$i}}">
    <option value="">Please select</option>
    <option value="MH">Maharashtra</option>
    <option value="GJ">Gujrat</option>
    <option value="DL">Delhi</option>
    <option value="MP">Madya Pradesh</option>
 </select>
 <select name="device[]" id="device{{$i}}">
    <option value="">Please select</option>
    <option value="Mobile">Mobile</option>
    <option value="Landline">Landline</option> 
 </select>
 <input type="text" name="countryCallingCode[]" value="+91">
 <input type="text" name="telnumber[]" value="">
 <input type="email" name="email[]" value="">
 @endfor

当前控制器接收的数据格式 #

{
    "_token": "8p8hu86Oi4FMZnak0si3wK629dDejyB07abxJIpJ",
    "fname": [
        "Kunal",
        "Manisha",
        "Vinay",
        "Rishi"
    ],
    "lname": [
        "Parekh",
        "Sevani",
        "Parekh",
        "Parekh"
    ],
    "email": [
        "kunal@gmail.com",
        "manisha@icloud.com",
        "vinay@gmail.com",
        "rishi@icloud.com"
    ],
    "state": [
        "MH",
        "MH",
        "MH",
        "MH"
    ],
    "countryCallingCode": [
        "+91",
        "+91",
        "+91",
        "+91"
    ],
    "telnumber": [
        "0439378608",
        "0778777767",
        "0790123223",
        "048293023"
    ],
    "dob": [
        "1981-10-18",
        "1976-11-17",
        "2009-04-12",
        "2004-07-03"
    ],
    "birthPlace": [
        "Mumbai",
        "Mumbai",
        "Mumbai",
        "Rajkot"
    ],
    "gender": {
        "1": "male",
        "2": "female",
        "3": "male",
        "4": "male"
    },
    "nationality": [
        "Indian",
        "Indian",
        "Indian",
        "Indian"
    ],
    "device": [
        "Mobile",
        "Mobile",
        "Mobile",
        "Mobile"
    ],
    "id": [1,2,3,4]
}

期望的结构化数据格式 #

{
    "family": [
        {
            "id": 1,
            "dateOfBirth": "1981-10-18",
            "gender": "male",
            "name": {
                "firstName": "Kunal",
                "lastName": "Parekh"
            },
            "currentplace": {
                "nationality": "INDIAN",
                "birthPlace": "Mumbai"
            },
            "contact": {
                "state": "MH",
                "phones": {
                    "deviceType": "MOBILE",
                    "countryCallingCode": "+91",
                    "number": "0439378608"
                },
                "emailAddress": "kunal@gmail.com"
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 2,
            "dateOfBirth": "1976-11-17",
            "gender": "female",
            "name": {
                "firstName": "Manisha",
                "lastName": "Sevani"
            },
            "currentplace": {
                "nationality": "INDIAN",
                "birthPlace": "Mumbai"
            },
            "contact": {
                "state": "MH",
                "phones": {
                    "deviceType": "MOBILE",
                    "countryCallingCode": "+91",
                    "number": "0778777767"
                },
                "emailAddress": "manisha@icloud.com"
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 3,
            "dateOfBirth": "2009-04-12",
            "gender": "male",
            "name": {
                "firstName": "Vinay",
                "lastName": "Parekh"
            },
            "currentplace": {
                "nationality": "INDIAN",
                "birthPlace": "Mumbai"
            },
            "contact": {
                "state": "MH",
                "phones": {
                    "deviceType": "MOBILE",
                    "countryCallingCode": "+91",
                    "number": "0790123223"
                },
                "emailAddress": "vinay@gmail.com"
            }
        },
        {
            "id": 4,
            "dateOfBirth": "2004-07-03",
            "gender": "male",
            "name": {
                "firstName": "Rishi",
                "lastName": "Parekh"
            },
            "currentplace": {
                "nationality": "INDIAN",
                "birthPlace": "Rajkot"
            },
            "contact": {
                "state": "MH",
                "phones": {
                    "deviceType": "MOBILE",
                    "countryCallingCode": "+91",
                    "number": "048293023"
                },
                "emailAddress": "rishi@icloud.com"
            }
        }
    ]
}

实现方法 #

在Laravel控制器中，通过遍历成员数量，将对应索引的字段值组合成单个成员对象，最终整理成结构化数组：

public function store(Request $request)
{
    // 获取提交的表单数据，排除_token
    $data = $request->except('_token');
    
    // 获取家庭成员总数（以id数组长度为准）
    $totalMembers = count($data['id']);
    
    $family = [];
    
    for ($i = 0; $i < $totalMembers; $i++) {
        // 获取当前成员的id（注意表单中id是从1开始，数组索引从0开始）
        $memberId = $data['id'][$i];
        
        $family[] = [
            'id' => $memberId,
            'dateOfBirth' => $data['dob'][$i],
            'gender' => $data['gender'][$memberId], // 因为gender是按id作为键的关联数组
            'name' => [
                'firstName' => $data['fname'][$i],
                'lastName' => $data['lname'][$i]
            ],
            'currentplace' => [
                'nationality' => strtoupper($data['nationality'][$i]),
                'birthPlace' => $data['birthPlace'][$i]
            ],
            'contact' => [
                'state' => $data['state'][$i],
                'phones' => [
                    'deviceType' => strtoupper($data['device'][$i]),
                    'countryCallingCode' => $data['countryCallingCode'][$i],
                    'number' => $data['telnumber'][$i]
                ],
                'emailAddress' => $data['email'][$i]
            ]
        ];
    }
    
    // 最终的结构化数据
    $structuredData = ['family' => $family];
    
    // 后续可以将数据存入数据库或返回响应
    // return response()->json($structuredData);
    
    return $structuredData;
}

关键说明 #

• 遍历次数以id数组的长度为准，确保覆盖所有家庭成员
• 性别字段gender是关联数组，键为成员的id，所以通过$memberId直接取值
• 使用strtoupper()将nationality和deviceType转为大写，匹配期望输出格式
• 排除_token字段，只处理业务相关数据

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kunal Parekh