执行main()时触发AttributeError错误，如何修复？

错误根源 #

你在main函数里创建user = stocks(ticker)实例后，错误地通过类本身调用了实例方法stocks.get_price(ticker)。实例方法的第一个参数self需要接收类的实例对象，而你传了字符串ticker，导致self变成了字符串类型，自然没有_price属性，触发了AttributeError。

修正步骤 #

1. 用实例调用方法：创建user实例后，应该通过user.get_price()获取价格，不需要额外传参数
2. 移除无效导入：from stocks import stocks完全多余，因为stocks类就在当前文件里，这会引发循环导入问题
3. 修正缩进问题：原代码main函数内部缩进混乱，Python对缩进要求严格，必须统一层级

修正后的完整代码 #

"""
This will import yahoo finance api to grab information and sort through 50
different stocks
"""
from yahoo_fin.stock_info import *

class stocks():
    """
    Class stocks performs functions from the yahoo_fin package
    """

    # Annotate variables
    _ticker: str
    _price: float
    
    def __init__(self, ticker: str) -> None:
        """
        Initializes the parameters
        """
        self._ticker = ticker
        self._price = get_live_price(ticker)
    
    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """
        Returns a string version of the object
        """
        return f"{self._ticker}, {self._price}"
    
    def get_ticker(self) -> str:
        """
        Returns the ticker
        """
        return self._ticker
    
    def get_price(self) -> float:
        """
        Returns the price
        """
        return self._price

"""
Testing the import openpyxl module
"""
# Imports from openpyxl and openpyxl.utils
from openpyxl import Workbook, load_workbook
from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter

def main():
    # Accessing excel sheet using load_workbook
    wb = load_workbook('Stocks.xlsx')
    ws = wb.active
    
    # Asks the user to enter a ticker of a company
    ticker = input("Please enter a ticker for a company: ")
    user = stocks(ticker)
    
    # 通过实例调用get_price方法
    price = user.get_price()
    
    # Adds titles to columns
    ws['A1'] = "Ticker"
    ws['B1'] = "Live Price"
    
    # Modifies the cells to display information and tidy up the appearance
    ws['A2'] = user.get_ticker().upper()
    ws['B2'] = float("{:.2f}".format(price))
    
    # Saves the document at the end of the code to update the actual excel sheet
    wb.save('Stocks.xlsx')

main()

额外优化点 #

• Excel单元格可以直接用ws['A1']这种格式访问，没必要写ws['A' + str(1)]
• 原代码中for row in range(2, 3)循环只执行一次，直接访问A2和B2更简洁

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Heartsbane