Laravel项目Nginx无法读取软链接返回File not found问题

核心原因分析 #

问题的根源在于Nginx运行用户www-data无法访问软链接指向的真实项目目录，同时权限配置重复覆盖、Nginx/PHP-FPM路径解析逻辑存在偏差：

• /home/ubuntu默认权限为700，www-data用户无法进入该目录，导致无法读取软链接指向的Laravel文件
• 权限命令重复执行，未针对真实项目目录做精准配置
• Nginx配置中重复定义root，PHP-FPM未使用真实文件路径解析脚本

分步解决方案 #

1. 修复真实项目目录的权限链 #

首先确保www-data能访问真实项目的父目录：

# 让www-data用户能进入ubuntu家目录
sudo chmod 750 /home/ubuntu
sudo usermod -a -G ubuntu www-data

然后给真实Laravel项目目录配置正确权限：

sudo chown -R ubuntu:www-data /home/ubuntu/domain.name/laravel_server/code
sudo find /home/ubuntu/domain.name/laravel_server/code -type f -exec chmod 664 {} \;
sudo find /home/ubuntu/domain.name/laravel_server/code -type d -exec chmod 775 {} \;
# 确保Laravel读写目录权限正确
sudo chgrp -R www-data /home/ubuntu/domain.name/laravel_server/code/storage /home/ubuntu/domain.name/laravel_server/code/bootstrap/cache
sudo chmod -R ug+rwx /home/ubuntu/domain.name/laravel_server/code/storage /home/ubuntu/domain.name/laravel_server/code/bootstrap/cache

2. 优化Nginx配置 #

移除冗余配置，确保软链接解析正常：

server {
    index index.php;
    server_name domain.name www.domain.name;
    root /var/www/domain.name/html/public/;

    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log;

    # 允许Nginx解析软链接
    disable_symlinks off;

    location / {
        autoindex on;
        autoindex_exact_size on;
        index  index.html index.php;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        fastcgi_buffering off;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 2M;
        fastcgi_buffers 8 2M;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        # 使用真实路径解析PHP脚本，避免软链接路径问题
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny  all;
    }

    listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.name/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.name/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot
}

server {
    if ($host = www.domain.name) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot

    if ($host = domain.name) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot

    listen 80;
    server_name domain.name www.domain.name;
    return 404; # managed by Certbot
}

关键修改：

• 移除location /内重复的root配置
• 将SCRIPT_FILENAME改为$realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name，确保PHP-FPM使用真实文件路径而非软链接路径

3. 重启服务生效 #

sudo systemctl reload nginx
sudo systemctl restart php8.1-fpm

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Pawan Bhatia