如何修复npm run build未知错误及npm start的ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED错误

问题描述 #

4个月前创建的React项目honest-trading，现在执行npm run build时出现UNKNOWN读错误，执行npm start时出现ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED错误，具体报错信息如下：

1. npm run build报错 #

$ npm run build
> honest-trading@0.1.0 build
> react-scripts build

node:internal/fs/utils:347
    throw err;
    ^

Error: UNKNOWN: unknown error, read
    at Object.readSync (node:fs:748:3)
    at tryReadSync (node:fs:448:20)
    at Object.readFileSync (node:fs:486:19)
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\react-dev-utils\FileSizeReporter.js:139:29
    at Array.reduce (<anonymous>)
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\react-dev-utils\FileSizeReporter.js:138:48
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\recursive-readdir\index.js:81:22
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\recursive-readdir\index.js:81:22
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\recursive-readdir\index.js:88:20
    at FSReqCallback.oncomplete (node:fs:208:5) {
  errno: -4094,
  syscall: 'read',
  code: 'UNKNOWN'
}

Node.js v18.14.2

2. npm start报错 #

Error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported
    at new Hash (node:internal/crypto/hash:71:19)
    at Object.createHash (node:crypto:133:10)
    at module.exports (C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\webpack\lib\util\createHash.js:90:53)
    at NormalModule._initBuildHash (C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:386:16)
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:418:10
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:293:13
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:367:11
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:233:18
    at context.callback (C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:111:13)
    at C:\Users\rusla\OneDrive\Рабочий стол\Sites\honesttrading\honest-trading\node_modules\babel-loader\lib\index.js:51:103 {
  opensslErrorStack: [ 'error:03000086:digital envelope routines::initialization error' ],      
  library: 'digital envelope routines',
  reason: 'unsupported',
  code: 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED'
}

Node.js v18.14.2

解决方案 #

针对UNKNOWN读错误 #

1. 移出OneDrive同步目录：项目存储在OneDrive下时，同步锁可能导致文件无法被读取。将整个项目文件夹移动到本地非同步路径（比如C:\Users\rusla\Documents），再重新执行构建命令。
2. 清理依赖并重新安装：

   # Windows命令行
   rmdir /s/q node_modules && del package-lock.json
   npm install
   

   # Linux/macOS
   rm -rf node_modules package-lock.json
   npm install
   

3. 删除build目录后重试：

   # Windows命令行
   rmdir /s/q build
   npm run build
   

   # Linux/macOS
   rm -rf build
   npm run build
   

4. 检查文件完整性：排查项目中是否存在损坏、0字节或权限受限的文件，删除或修复这类文件后再构建。

针对ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED错误 #

这个错误是Node.js 17+版本（含v18）使用OpenSSL 3.0，与旧版webpack/react-scripts的哈希算法不兼容导致的，可通过以下方式解决：

1. 临时设置环境变量：
   • Windows命令行：

     set NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider
     npm start
     # 构建时
     set NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider
     npm run build
     

   • Windows PowerShell：

     $env:NODE_OPTIONS="--openssl-legacy-provider"
     npm start
     

2. 升级react-scripts到最新版本：

   npm install react-scripts@latest
   

3. 修改package.json脚本：将环境变量整合到启动/构建命令中，避免每次手动设置：

   "scripts": {
     "start": "set NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && react-scripts start",
     "build": "set NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && react-scripts build"
   }
   

   （Linux/macOS用户将set替换为export即可）

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ruslan Makhmatov