如何修复「Coroutine object is not callable」类型提示警告？

我在给异步pytest fixture添加类型提示时遇到了问题，PyCharm在第二个fixture和测试函数中弹出警告，尝试查阅资料后仍未解决。

相关Fixture代码 #

Fixture 1: create_raw_user #

@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
async def create_raw_user(asyncpg_pool) -> Callable[[str, str, str], Awaitable[None]]:
    async def create_raw_user(email: str, name: str, password: str) -> None:
        auth = AuthHandler()
        hashed_password = auth.get_password_hash(password)
        async with asyncpg_pool.acquire() as connection:
            return await connection.execute(
                "INSERT INTO users (email, name, password, registered_at, auth0_registered) VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s')"
                % (email, name, hashed_password, datetime.utcnow(), False)
            )

    return create_raw_user

Fixture 2: create_user_instance #

@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
async def create_user_instance(create_raw_user) -> Callable[[str, str, str], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]]:
    async def create_user_instance(email: str = "test@email.com",
                                   name: str = "ilya",
                                   password: str = "password123") -> dict[str, Any]:
        await create_raw_user(email=email, name=name, password=password)
        return {
            "email": email,
            "name": name,
            "password": password
        }

    return create_user_instance

修复方案 #

1. 给依赖参数添加明确类型提示 #

第二个fixture中的create_raw_user参数未标注类型，PyCharm无法推断其类型，需要补充：

# 先确保导入所需类型
from collections.abc import Callable, Awaitable
from typing import Any

@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
async def create_user_instance(
    create_raw_user: Callable[[str, str, str], Awaitable[int]]  # 与第一个fixture的返回类型匹配
) -> Callable[[str, str, str], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]]:
    # 原有代码不变

2. 修正第一个fixture的类型不匹配问题 #

第一个fixture内部函数返回的是connection.execute的结果（受影响行数，int类型），但类型提示写的是-> None，存在矛盾，需要修正：

async def create_raw_user(email: str, name: str, password: str) -> int:
    # 原有代码不变

对应的fixture返回类型也要同步修改：

async def create_raw_user(asyncpg_pool) -> Callable[[str, str, str], Awaitable[int]]:

3. 适配带默认参数的函数类型（可选） #

内部的create_user_instance函数有默认参数，如果想让类型提示更精准，Python 3.10+可以用ParamSpec处理：

from typing import ParamSpec, TypeVar

P = ParamSpec('P')
R = TypeVar('R')

# 将fixture返回类型改为 Callable[P, Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]]

4. 修复SQL注入风险（额外优化） #

当前SQL语句用字符串格式化拼接参数，存在注入风险，建议改用asyncpg的参数化查询：

await connection.execute(
    "INSERT INTO users (email, name, password, registered_at, auth0_registered) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5)",
    email, name, hashed_password, datetime.utcnow(), False
)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者TeraBasedProgrammer