Laravel9升级至10及PHPUnit10后所有测试用例失败求助

问题描述 #

近期将Laravel从9版本升级至10版本，同时把PHPUnit升级至10版本，升级完成后所有测试用例均执行失败，报错信息如下：

PHP Fatal error: Declaration of
Illuminate\Database\PDO\Concerns\ConnectsToDatabase::connect(array
$params, $username = null, $password = null, array $driverOptions =
[]) must be compatible with Doctrine\DBAL\Driver::connect(array
$params): Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Connection in
/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/PDO/Concerns/ConnectsToDatabase.php
on line 22

降级回之前的版本后，所有测试用例均可正常运行，不确定新版本中是否存在废弃特性导致该问题。

项目composer.json配置 #

{
"name": "laravel/laravel",
"type": "project",
"description": "The Laravel Framework.",
"keywords": [
    "framework",
    "laravel"
],
"license": "MIT",
"require": {
    "php": "^8.2",
    "ext-gnupg": "*",
    "awobaz/compoships": "^2.0",
    "doctrine/dbal": "^3.0",
    "elasticsearch/elasticsearch": "^7.16",
    "guzzlehttp/guzzle": "7.7",
    "kevinrob/guzzle-cache-middleware": "^4.1",
    "laminas/laminas-stdlib": "^3.3",
    "laravel/framework": "^10.0",
    "laravel/horizon": "^5.19",
    "laravel/sanctum": "^3.2",
    "laravel/tinker": "^2.8",
    "launchdarkly/server-sdk": "^5.1",
    "league/flysystem-aws-s3-v3": "^3.15",
    "league/flysystem-sftp-v3": "^3.15",
    "mnapoli/dbal-schema": "^1.3",
    "ratchet/pawl": "^0.4.1",
    "staudenmeir/eloquent-has-many-deep": "^1.18",
    "textalk/websocket": "^1.6"
},
"require-dev": {
    "barryvdh/laravel-debugbar": "^3.5",
    "fakerphp/faker": "^1.9.1",
    "laravel/pint": "0.1.5",
    "laravel/telescope": "^4.4",
    "mockery/mockery": "^1.3.1",
    "nunomaduro/collision": "^6.0",
    "phpunit/phpunit": "^10.0",
    "spatie/laravel-ignition": "^2.0",
    "orchestra/testbench-core":"^6.0"
},
"config": {
    "optimize-autoloader": true,
    "preferred-install": "dist",
    "sort-packages": true
},
"extra": {
    "laravel": {
        "dont-discover": [
            "laravel/telescope"
        ]
    }
},
"autoload": {
    "psr-4": {
        "App\\": "app/",
        "Database\\Factories\\": "database/factories/",
        "Database\\Seeders\\": "database/seeders/"
    }
},
"autoload-dev": {
    "psr-4": {
        "Tests\\": "tests/"
    }
},
"minimum-stability": "dev",
"prefer-stable": true,
"scripts": {
    "post-autoload-dump": [
        "Illuminate\\Foundation\\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump",
        "@php artisan package:discover --ansi"
    ],
    "post-root-package-install": [
        "@php -r \"file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');\""
    ],
    "post-create-project-cmd": [
        "@php artisan key:generate --ansi"
    ]
}
}

解决方案分析 #

这个错误的核心是方法签名不兼容：Laravel的ConnectsToDatabase::connect方法声明和Doctrine DBAL的Driver::connect接口定义不一致。

问题根源 #

• Laravel 10要求Doctrine DBAL的版本至少是^3.6，而你的composer.json中指定的是^3.0，这会导致安装的DBAL版本可能低于Laravel 10兼容的最低要求，进而出现方法签名不匹配的问题。
• 另外，orchestra/testbench-core的版本^6.0是适配Laravel 8的，Laravel 10需要的是^8.0版本的testbench，这也可能引发依赖冲突，间接导致该错误。

修复步骤 #

1. 更新Doctrine DBAL版本：将doctrine/dbal的版本改为^3.6或更高，确保和Laravel 10兼容。
2. 升级Orchestra Testbench：把orchestra/testbench-core的版本更新为^8.0，匹配Laravel 10的要求。
3. 执行依赖更新：运行命令：

   composer update doctrine/dbal orchestra/testbench-core
   

   或者直接执行composer update同步所有依赖版本。
4. 清除缓存：更新依赖后，清除Laravel缓存：

   php artisan cache:clear
   php artisan config:clear
   

验证 #

完成上述步骤后，重新运行测试用例，即可解决方法声明兼容问题，测试应能正常执行。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Santosh