M1 Mac下Jupyter Notebook内核无法启动问题求助

此前Jupyter Notebook运行正常，近期出现异常：终端执行jupyter notebook可正常启动，但打开笔记本文件时内核无法启动，循环报错。错误日志如下：

[I 15:42:03.029 NotebookApp] KernelRestarter: restarting kernel (5/5), new random ports
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen runpy>", line 198, in _run_module_as_main
  File "<frozen runpy>", line 88, in _run_code
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ipykernel_launcher.py", line 15, in <module>
    from ipykernel import kernelapp as app
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ipykernel/kernelapp.py", line 52, in <module>
    from .ipkernel import IPythonKernel
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ipykernel/ipkernel.py", line 20, in <module>
    from .comm.comm import BaseComm
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ipykernel/comm/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .comm import Comm
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ipykernel/comm/comm.py", line 14, in <module>
    from ipykernel.kernelbase import Kernel
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ipykernel/kernelbase.py", line 35, in <module>
    import psutil
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/psutil/__init__.py", line 123, in <module>
    from . import _psosx as _psplatform
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/psutil/_psosx.py", line 13, in <module>
    from . import _psposix
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/psutil/_psposix.py", line 28, in <module>
    from . import _psutil_osx
ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/psutil/_psutil_osx.abi3.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/psutil/_psutil_osx.abi3.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'arm64', need 'x86_64')), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/psutil/_psutil_osx.abi3.so' (no such file), '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/psutil/_psutil_osx.abi3.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'arm64', need 'x86_64'))

环境信息 #

• M1 Mac
• 执行where jupyter输出：

/Users/username/anaconda3/bin/jupyter
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/bin/jupyter

此前仅安装过sympy，卸载后问题依旧；尝试用conda重装JupyterLab时提示包缺失。

解决建议 #

1. 修复psutil架构不兼容问题 #

错误核心是psutil二进制文件为arm64架构，但当前Python环境运行在x86_64模式（可能通过Rosetta）。针对/Library/Frameworks下的Python3.11环境，重新编译安装psutil：

pip uninstall -y psutil
# 强制以当前架构编译安装psutil
ARCHFLAGS="-arch $(uname -m)" pip install --no-binary :all: psutil

2. 统一Jupyter环境，消除多版本冲突 #

系统存在两个Jupyter安装路径，优先使用conda环境版本：

• 激活conda基础环境：

  conda activate base
  

• 确认当前Jupyter路径为conda版本：

  which jupyter
  

  需输出/Users/username/anaconda3/bin/jupyter
• 重装conda环境下的Jupyter相关包：

  conda uninstall -y jupyter jupyterlab ipykernel
  conda install jupyterlab ipykernel
  

• 将conda环境内核注册到Jupyter：

  python -m ipykernel install --user --name base --display-name "Python (base)"
  

3. 验证Python环境架构 #

确认当前Python环境运行架构：

python -c "import platform; print(platform.machine())"

若输出x86_64，说明环境通过Rosetta运行x86版本。若想使用原生arm64环境，建议安装M1原生支持的conda版本，并迁移原有包到新环境。

4. 清理冗余Python环境 #

若/Library/Frameworks下的Python3.11不再需要，可卸载以避免冲突：

sudo rm -rf /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/bin/python3.11
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/bin/pip3.11

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者sdar19