如何用Python Arcade库获取Tiled Map对象的custom attribute？

我使用Python Arcade库和Tiled Map Editor制作平台游戏，加载Tiled地图后无法访问对象的自定义属性。

加载地图的代码 #

self.tile_map = arcade.load_tilemap("TiledMap.json", scaling=1)

尝试访问自定义属性的代码 #

self.enemies = self.tile_map.sprite_lists.get("Enemies", arcade.SpriteList())
for e in self.enemies:
    print(e.custom_attribute)

报错信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:\Users\galax\Documents\Arcade platformer\The Miss Alien Adventure\The miss alien adventure.py", line 429, in <module>    main()
File "c:\Users\galax\Documents\Arcade platformer\The Miss Alien Adventure\The miss alien adventure.py", line 425, in main    
    arcade.run()
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\arcade\window_commands.py", line 323, in run  
    pyglet.app.run()
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyglet\app\__init__.py", line 107, in run     
    event_loop.run(interval)
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyglet\app\base.py", line 184, in run
    timeout = self.idle()
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyglet\app\base.py", line 245, in idle        
    self.clock.call_scheduled_functions(dt)
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyglet\clock.py", line 277, in call_scheduled_functions
    item.func(now - item.last_ts, *item.args, **item.kwargs)
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\arcade\application.py", line 318, in _dispatch_updates
    self.dispatch_event('on_update', delta_time)
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyglet\window\__init__.py", line 1361, in dispatch_event
    super().dispatch_event(*args)
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyglet\event.py", line 427, in dispatch_event 
    raise e
File "C:\Users\galax\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pyglet\event.py", line 422, in dispatch_event 
    if getattr(self, event_type)(*args):
File "c:\Users\galax\Documents\Arcade platformer\The Miss Alien Adventure\The miss alien adventure.py", line 223, in on_update
    self.update_enemies()
File "c:\Users\galax\Documents\Arcade platformer\The Miss Alien Adventure\The miss alien adventure.py", line 418, in update_enemies
    print(e.custom_attribute)
AttributeError: 'Sprite' object has no attribute 'custom_attribute'

解决方案 #

Arcade加载Tiled地图后，对象的自定义属性会被存入Sprite的properties字典，而非直接作为Sprite的属性，需要通过字典方式访问：

self.enemies = self.tile_map.sprite_lists.get("Enemies", arcade.SpriteList())
for e in self.enemies:
    # 替换为你在Tiled中设置的自定义属性名
    print(e.properties.get("custom_attribute"))

如果希望直接通过属性名访问，可以遍历Sprite时手动赋值：

self.enemies = self.tile_map.sprite_lists.get("Enemies", arcade.SpriteList())
for e in self.enemies:
    e.custom_attribute = e.properties.get("custom_attribute")
    print(e.custom_attribute)

另外需确认：在Tiled编辑器中，已为Enemies对象层的目标对象添加了custom_attribute自定义属性，且该图层类型为对象层（不是瓦片层）。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user22290650