使用WhatsApp Business API发消息报错132012的解决咨询

问题描述 #

使用WhatsApp Business API发送消息时触发OAuthException，错误代码132012，提示：header: Format mismatch, expected IMAGE, received UNKNOWN。

代码实现 #

import requests
import openpyxl


access_token = ""
template_name = "healthy_sports_b2s_2"  # Replace with your template name
language_code = "en"


wb = openpyxl.load_workbook("numbers.xlsx")
sheet = wb.active


for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, values_only=True):
    customer_number = row[0]
    url = f"https://graph.facebook.com/v17.0/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX/messages"

    headers = {
        "Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}",
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
    }

    message_payload = {
        "messaging_product": "whatsapp",
        "to": customer_number,
        "type": "template",
        "template": {"name": template_name, "language": {"code": language_code}},
        "components": [
            {
                "parameters": [
                    {
                        "type": "template",
                        "image": {
                            "link": "https://res.cloudinary.com/dapnrioqr/image/upload/v1691648851/02_wgucrp.jpg"
                        },
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
    }

    response = requests.post(url, json=message_payload, headers=headers)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        print(f"Message sent to {customer_number}")
    else:
        print(f"Failed to send message to {customer_number}: {response.text}")

错误详情 #

{
    "error":{
        "message":"(#132012) Parameter format does not match format in the created template",
        "type":"OAuthException",
        "code":132012,
        "error_data": {
            "messaging_product":"whatsapp",
            "details":"header: Format mismatch, expected IMAGE, received UNKNOWN"
        },
        "fbtrace_id":"AyPLLsvyikPmg66DWF_ZfYU"
    }
}

实际消息模板 #

解决方法 #

错误根源是请求的components结构与模板定义不匹配：模板的header要求传入IMAGE类型参数，但你的请求未指定组件类型，且参数类型错误。需做以下修改：

1. 为components添加type: "header"，明确指定这是模板的header部分
2. 将参数的type从template改为image，匹配模板要求的类型

修正后的message_payload关键部分：

message_payload = {
    "messaging_product": "whatsapp",
    "to": customer_number,
    "type": "template",
    "template": {"name": template_name, "language": {"code": language_code}},
    "components": [
        {
            "type": "header",
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "type": "image",
                    "image": {
                        "link": "https://res.cloudinary.com/dapnrioqr/image/upload/v1691648851/02_wgucrp.jpg"
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
}

修改后，请求的参数格式将与模板的header图片类型要求完全匹配，即可解决132012错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Salman