iOS SwiftUI中WKWebView加载Microsoft Bookings页面异常求助

在iOS SwiftUI应用中使用WKWebView加载Microsoft Bookings网页（已测试多个公开预订页面，均出现此问题）。该功能此前正常运行，但现在Microsoft Bookings会显示通用错误“Something went wrong”的错误页面，附带刷新按钮（点击后跳转登录页面）。但在Android WebView或常规浏览器中，这些页面均可正常访问。

另外，在WVNavigationDelegate中还注入了一段JS脚本以拦截特定调用、检测预订完成状态，但为简化说明已省略，且该问题在无此代码时仍会出现。

相关代码 #

import SwiftUI
import WebKit

struct WebView: UIViewRepresentable {
    
    let request: URLRequest
    let options: Options

    private var navDelegate: WKNavigationDelegate
    private var scrollDelegate: UIScrollViewDelegate
    
    init(
        request: URLRequest,
        options: Options = Options()
    ) {
        self.request = request
        self.content = nil // 注：原代码未定义content变量，此处保留原代码内容
        self.options = options
        self.navDelegate = WVNavigationDelegate()
        self.scrollDelegate = WVUIScrollViewDelegate(scrollEnabled: options.scrollEnabled)
    }
    
    func makeUIView(context: Context) -> WKWebView  {
        let wv = WKWebView()

        wv.navigationDelegate = navDelegate
        wv.scrollView.delegate = scrollDelegate
        
        // 此设置未起到预期作用
        if #available(iOS 15.4, *) {
            wv.configuration.preferences.isSiteSpecificQuirksModeEnabled = true
        }
        
        return wv
    }

    func updateUIView(_ uiView: WKWebView, context: Context) {
        uiView.load(request)   // 注：原代码中req应为request，此处修正笔误
        uiView.scrollView.isScrollEnabled = options.scrollEnabled
    }
    
    struct Options {
        var scrollEnabled: Bool = true
        var zoomEnabled: Bool = true
    }
    
}

class WVUIScrollViewDelegate: NSObject, UIScrollViewDelegate {
    
    let scrollEnabled: Bool
    
    init(scrollEnabled: Bool) {
        self.scrollEnabled = scrollEnabled
    }
    
    func scrollViewWillBeginZooming(_ scrollView: UIScrollView, with view: UIView?) {
        scrollView.pinchGestureRecognizer?.isEnabled = scrollEnabled
    }
}

class WVNavigationDelegate: NSObject, WKNavigationDelegate {
    
    // 尝试解决Cookie问题，但无效果
    func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, decidePolicyFor navigationResponse: WKNavigationResponse, decisionHandler: @escaping (WKNavigationResponsePolicy) -> Void) {
        
        guard let response = navigationResponse.response as? HTTPURLResponse, let url = navigationResponse.response.url else {
            decisionHandler(.cancel)
            return
        }

        if let headerFields = response.allHeaderFields as? [String: String] {

            let cookies = HTTPCookie.cookies(withResponseHeaderFields: headerFields, for: url)
            cookies.forEach { cookie in
                webView.configuration.websiteDataStore.httpCookieStore.setCookie(cookie)
                HTTPCookieStorage.shared.setCookie(cookie)
            }
        }

        decisionHandler(.allow)
    }
    
}

除Cookie外，可从以下几个方向排查并调整配置：

• 配置User-Agent：Microsoft服务可能对WKWebView的默认UA做了限制，尝试模拟Safari移动端的User-Agent：

  func makeUIView(context: Context) -> WKWebView  {
      let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
      // 替换为对应iOS版本的Safari UA
      let safariUA = "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 17_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.0 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1"
      config.applicationNameForUserAgent = safariUA
      let wv = WKWebView(frame: .zero, configuration: config)
      
      wv.navigationDelegate = navDelegate
      wv.scrollView.delegate = scrollDelegate
      
      if #available(iOS 15.4, *) {
          wv.configuration.preferences.isSiteSpecificQuirksModeEnabled = true
      }
      
      return wv
  }
  

• 确保JavaScript与Web API支持：Bookings页面可能依赖JavaScript或特定Web API，需开启相关配置：

  // 在WKWebViewConfiguration中添加
  config.preferences.javaScriptEnabled = true
  config.preferences.javaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically = true
  // 若页面需要存储数据，确保允许
  config.websiteDataStore = WKWebsiteDataStore.default()
  

• 检查App Transport Security (ATS) 设置：在Info.plist中配置允许Microsoft相关域名的HTTPS请求，若存在混合内容需添加例外：

  <key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
  <dict>
      <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
      <false/>
      <key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
      <dict>
          <key>microsoft.com</key>
          <dict>
              <key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
              <true/>
              <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
              <true/>
          </dict>
      </dict>
  </dict>
  

• 优化WebView加载逻辑：

  1. 避免重复加载：updateUIView中每次调用都会触发加载，添加URL判断防止重复请求：

     func updateUIView(_ uiView: WKWebView, context: Context) {
         guard uiView.url != request.url else { return }
         uiView.load(request)
         uiView.scrollView.isScrollEnabled = options.scrollEnabled
     }
     

  2. 移除自定义ScrollView代理：自定义的WVUIScrollViewDelegate可能干扰页面默认交互，尝试直接通过wv.scrollView.isScrollEnabled控制滚动，无需设置代理。

• 添加必要请求头部：为URLRequest补充Accept-Language、Referer等头部，匹配浏览器请求格式：

  var request = URLRequest(url: yourBookingsUrl)
  request.setValue("en-US,en;q=0.9", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept-Language")
  request.setValue(yourBookingsUrl.absoluteString, forHTTPHeaderField: "Referer")
  

• 清除WebView缓存：旧缓存可能导致加载异常，初始化WebView前清除网站数据：

  WKWebsiteDataStore.default().removeData(ofTypes: WKWebsiteDataStore.allWebsiteDataTypes(), modifiedSince: Date.distantPast) {
      // 缓存清除后再初始化并加载WebView
  }
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Vama