PyInstaller打包后subprocess.run无法执行，报错3221226505求助

代码内容 #

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QPushButton
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
import subprocess

def create_and_write_txt(*args):
    cmd = '"C:/Program Files/Autodesk/Maya2022/bin/mayabatch.exe" -file "E:/Maya_Project/scenes/input/null_scene.mb" -script "E:/Maya_Project/scenes/output/LuanchMelScript.mel" "-noAutoloadPlugins"'
    subprocess.run(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)

class App(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5 Button Example")
        self.resize(300, 200)
        self.button = QPushButton("Execute", self)
        self.button.clicked.connect(self.on_click)

    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_click(self):
        create_and_write_txt()

app = QApplication([])
ex = App()
ex.show()
app.exec_()

问题描述 #

上述代码在PyCharm中运行正常，但通过PyInstaller打包为可执行文件后，subprocess.run无法执行。

使用的打包命令：

pyinstaller -D E:\Python3.10_Project\Batch_Tool.py -i E:\Python3.10_Project\image\Batch_Tool.ico

运行生成的Batch_Tool.exe时出现错误：返回非零退出状态3221226505

解决建议 #

• 取消shell=True，改用参数列表传递命令：shell=True会依赖系统shell环境，打包后易出现路径或环境变量问题，改用列表形式传递参数更稳定：

  def create_and_write_txt(*args):
      cmd = [
          "C:/Program Files/Autodesk/Maya2022/bin/mayabatch.exe",
          "-file", "E:/Maya_Project/scenes/input/null_scene.mb",
          "-script", "E:/Maya_Project/scenes/output/LuanchMelScript.mel",
          "-noAutoloadPlugins"
      ]
      subprocess.run(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
  

• 检查权限：尝试以管理员身份运行Batch_Tool.exe，避免程序因权限不足无法访问Maya安装目录或项目文件。
• 捕获错误输出排查：修改代码打印stderr内容，打包后运行查看具体错误信息，精准定位问题：

  result = subprocess.run(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, text=True)
  print("标准输出:", result.stdout)
  print("错误输出:", result.stderr)
  

• 强制指定shell路径（若必须用shell=True）：在subprocess.run中添加executable参数指定系统cmd路径，比如：

  subprocess.run(cmd, shell=True, executable="C:/Windows/System32/cmd.exe", stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者xh c