运行空React Native应用至安卓手机时遇连接及插件问题

问题描述 #

初始问题 #

按官方文档创建空React Native应用后，执行npm run android持续出现连接拒绝错误，已关闭Windows 11防火墙，尝试过VS Code、Android Studio、PowerShell执行命令，结果一致。

初始错误日志：

PS C:\A\MyApp> npm run android

> MyApp@0.0.1 android
> react-native run-android

info JS server already running.

info 💡 Tip: Make sure that you have set up your development environment correctly, by running react-native doctor. To read more about doctor command visit: https://github.com/react-native-community/cli/blob/main/packages/cli-doctor/README.md#doctor 

Exception in thread "main" java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect
        at java.base/java.net.PlainSocketImpl.waitForConnect(Native Method)
        at java.base/java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(PlainSocketImpl.java:107)
        at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:412)
        at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:255)
        at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:237)
        at java.base/java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:609)
        at java.base/sun.net.NetworkClient.doConnect(NetworkClient.java:177)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:509)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient$1.run(HttpClient.java:561)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient$1.run(HttpClient.java:559)
        at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.privilegedOpenServer(HttpClient.java:558)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:599)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.<init>(HttpsClient.java:266)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.New(HttpsClient.java:373)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.getNewHttpClient(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:216)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect0(HttpURLConnection.java:1208)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect(HttpURLConnection.java:1081)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:193)       
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1592)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1520)
        at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:250)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Download.downloadInternal(Download.java:109)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Download.download(Download.java:89)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Install$1.call(Install.java:83)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Install$1.call(Install.java:63)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.ExclusiveFileAccessManager.access(ExclusiveFileAccessManager.java:69)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Install.createDist(Install.java:63)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.WrapperExecutor.execute(WrapperExecutor.java:109)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain.main(GradleWrapperMain.java:66)
error Failed to install the app. 

更新后问题 #

将配置文件中Gradle版本修改为本地已安装版本后，连接错误消失，但出现org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm:1.8.20插件无法找到的错误，怀疑仍存在连接问题。

更新后错误日志：

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* Where:
Build file 'C:\A\MyApp\node_modules\@react-native\gradle-plugin\build.gradle.kts' line: 13

* What went wrong:
Plugin [id: 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm', version: '1.8.20'] was not found in any of the following sources:

- Gradle Core Plugins (plugin is not in 'org.gradle' namespace)
- Plugin Repositories (could not resolve plugin artifact 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm:org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm.gradle.plugin:1.8.20')
  Searched in the following repositories:
    MavenRepo
    Google
    Gradle Central Plugin Repository

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 10s
error Failed to install the app.

解决方案 #

针对连接拒绝问题 #

• 修改Gradle镜像：在项目根目录的gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties中，将distributionUrl替换为国内镜像（版本号需与本地Gradle匹配），示例：

  distributionUrl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/maven/gradle/distributions/gradle-7.5-bin.zip
  

• 检查代理配置：若使用代理，在用户目录的.gradle/gradle.properties（Windows路径：C:\Users\你的用户名\.gradle\gradle.properties）添加代理信息；无需代理则清空文件内的代理配置：

  systemProp.http.proxyHost=你的代理IP
  systemProp.http.proxyPort=你的代理端口
  systemProp.https.proxyHost=你的代理IP
  systemProp.https.proxyPort=你的代理端口
  

针对Kotlin插件找不到问题 #

• 添加国内镜像仓库：在项目根目录的build.gradle（或build.gradle.kts）中，为buildscript和allprojects的repositories添加阿里云Kotlin镜像：
  Groovy版本：

  buildscript {
      repositories {
          maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
          maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
          maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central' }
          maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/kotlin' }
      }
      dependencies {
          classpath "com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.4.2"
          classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.8.20"
      }
  }
  
  allprojects {
      repositories {
          maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
          maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
          maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central' }
          maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/kotlin' }
      }
  }
  

  Kotlin DSL版本：

  buildscript {
      repositories {
          maven(url = "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google")
          maven(url = "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter")
          maven(url = "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central")
          maven(url = "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/kotlin")
      }
      dependencies {
          classpath("com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.4.2")
          classpath("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.8.20")
      }
  }
  
  allprojects {
      repositories {
          maven(url = "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google")
          maven(url = "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter")
          maven(url = "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central")
          maven(url = "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/kotlin")
      }
  }
  

• 清理Gradle缓存：执行命令清理缓存并刷新依赖：

  gradlew clean
  gradlew build --refresh-dependencies
  

• 手动安装插件：若网络问题无法解决，下载对应版本的kotlin-gradle-plugin，添加到本地仓库或直接指定本地依赖路径。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者b-612