MacOS自包含Java应用Info.plist中ClassPath配置失效求助

问题描述 #

用jlink创建自包含Java应用并打包为MacOS App Bundle，修改Info.plist指定主类后应用可启动，但无法找到Jar内的着色器文件，报错提示找不到../../shader/texture01_xxx.vp。Jar存放于MakinaCraftApp.app/Contents/Resources/Java，尝试绝对ClassPath无效，怀疑权限或配置问题。

Info.plist内容 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
    <string>bin/MakinaCraftApp</string>
    <key>CFBundleGetInfoString</key>
    <string>MachinaWJavaApp (1)1.0, Copyright {user} 2004. All rights reserved.</string>
    <key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key>
    <string>6.0</string>
    <key>CFBundleIconFile</key>
    <string>MachinaWJavaApp (1).icns</string>
    <key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
    <string>MakinaCraft</string>
    <key>CFBundleName</key>
    <string>MachinaWJavaApp2</string>
    <key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
    <string>APPL</string>
    <key>CFBundleSignature</key>
    <string>????</string>
    <key>CFBundleVersion</key>
    <string>1.0.1</string>
    <key>Java</key>
    <dict>
        <key>MainClass</key>
        <string>com.noatechnologies.machinawjava.MachinaWJavaApp</string>
        <key>StartOnMainThread</key>
        <true/>
        <key>Arguments</key>
        <array/>
        <key>ClassPath</key>
        <string>$JAVAROOT/gluegen_rt:$JAVAROOT/gluegen_rt_natives_macosx_universal:$JAVAROOT/jogl_all:$JAVAROOT/jogl_all_natives_macosx_universal:$JAVAROOT/jogamp_fat.jar</string>
    </dict>
</dict>
</plist>

报错堆栈 #

java.lang.Error: java.lang.RuntimeException: com.jogamp.opengl.GLException: No shader code found (source nor binary) for src: [../../shader/texture01_xxx.vp], bin: null 
at makinacraftmodule/com.noatechnologies.androidjavaapp.OpenGLAndroidApp.main(OpenGLAndroidApp.java:211) 
at makinacraftmodule/com.noatechnologies.machinawjava.MachinaWJavaApp.main(MachinaWJavaApp.java:203) 
at makinacraftmodule/com.noatechnologies.machinawjava.MachinaWJavaApp.main(MachinaWJavaApp.java:145) 
at makinacraftmodule/com.noatechnologies.machinawjava.MachinaWJavaApp.main(MachinaWJavaApp.java:111)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: com.jogamp.opengl.GLException: No shader code found (source nor binary) for src: [../../shader/texture01_xxx.vp], bin: null 
at jogamp.fat/com.jogamp.common.util.awt.AWTEDTExecutor.invoke(AWTEDTExecutor.java:58) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.awt.AWTThreadingPlugin.invokeOnOpenGLThread(AWTThreadingPlugin.java:103) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.ThreadingImpl.invokeOnOpenGLThread(ThreadingImpl.java:201) 
at jogamp.fat/com.jogamp.opengl.Threading.invokeOnOpenGLThread(Threading.java:202) 
at jogamp.fat/com.jogamp.opengl.Threading.invoke(Threading.java:221) 
at jogamp.fat/com.jogamp.opengl.awt.GLCanvas.display(GLCanvas.java:503) 
at makinacraftmodule/com.noatechnologies.androidjavaapp.OpenGLAndroidApp.main(OpenGLAndroidApp.java:185)
... 3 more
Caused by: com.jogamp.opengl.GLException: No shader code found (source nor binary) for src: [../../shader/texture01_xxx.vp], bin: null 
at jogamp.fat/com.jogamp.opengl.util.glsl.ShaderCode.create(ShaderCode.java:551) 
at jogamp.fat/com.jogamp.opengl.util.glsl.ShaderCode.create(ShaderCode.java:706) 
at jogamp.fat/com.jogamp.opengl.util.glsl.ShaderCode.create(ShaderCode.java:771) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.macosx.cgl.MacOSXCGLContext.createCALayerShader(MacOSXCGLContext.java:188) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.macosx.cgl.MacOSXCGLContext.access$4800(MacOSXCGLContext.java:84) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.macosx.cgl.MacOSXCGLContext$NSOpenGLImpl.associateDrawable(MacOSXCGLContext.java:946) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.macosx.cgl.MacOSXCGLContext.associateDrawable(MacOSXCGLContext.java:427) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.GLContextImpl.makeCurrent(GLContextImpl.java:740) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.GLContextImpl.makeCurrent(GLContextImpl.java:614) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.GLDrawableHelper.invokeGLImpl(GLDrawableHelper.java:1279) 
at jogamp.fat/jogamp.opengl.GLDrawableHelper.invokeGL(GLDrawableHelper.java:1147) 
at jogamp.fat/com.jogamp.opengl.awt.GLCanvas$12.run(GLCanvas.java:1442) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(InvocationEvent.java:308) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(EventQueue.java:773) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventQueue$4.run(EventQueue.java:720) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventQueue$4.run(EventQueue.java:714) 
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:399)
at java.base/java.security.ProtectionDomain$JavaSecurityAccessImpl.doIntersectionPrivilege(ProtectionDomain.java:86)
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:742) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThread.java:203) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.java:124) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThread.java:113) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:109) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:101) 
at java.desktop/java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:90)

解决步骤 #

1. 修正资源读取逻辑（核心问题） #

代码中用了相对路径../../shader/texture01_xxx.vp，但MacOS App Bundle启动时工作目录是用户Home目录，且Jar内资源不能直接用文件系统路径访问，必须通过类加载器读取：

• 确保着色器文件已打包到Jar内的shader/目录（比如在项目资源目录下创建shader，打包时自动加入Jar）
• 用类加载器获取资源：

  // 方式1：通过当前类的类加载器获取输入流
  InputStream shaderStream = OpenGLAndroidApp.class.getResourceAsStream("/shader/texture01_xxx.vp");
  // 方式2：通过上下文类加载器获取URL（适配JOGAMP的ShaderCode）
  URL shaderUrl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("shader/texture01_xxx.vp");
  ShaderCode.create(null, shaderUrl, null, ShaderType.VERTEX, null);
  

2. 完善Info.plist的ClassPath配置 #

当前ClassPath只包含JOGAMP相关Jar，缺少你自己的应用Jar，需要添加进去：

<key>ClassPath</key>
<string>$JAVAROOT/你的应用.jar:$JAVAROOT/gluegen_rt:$JAVAROOT/gluegen_rt_natives_macosx_universal:$JAVAROOT/jogl_all:$JAVAROOT/jogl_all_natives_macosx_universal:$JAVAROOT/jogamp_fat.jar</string>

替换你的应用.jar为实际的Jar文件名，确保它在Contents/Resources/Java目录下。

3. 验证Jar内资源是否存在 #

用终端命令检查Jar内是否包含目标着色器文件：

jar tf 你的应用.jar | grep shader/texture01_xxx.vp

如果输出结果包含该路径，说明资源已正确打包；如果没有，检查打包配置，确保资源目录被包含。

4. 避免依赖工作目录的绝对路径 #

不要尝试用绝对路径指向App Bundle内的资源，因为不同用户的安装路径可能不同，且MacOS的沙箱机制可能限制文件访问，始终用类加载器读取Jar内资源是最可靠的方式。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Felipe