Selenium与Python配置ChromeDriver路径报错求助

问题描述 #

使用VS Code进行网页抓取，尝试多种路径版本后仍无法运行以下Selenium代码：

from selenium import webdriver

# Specify the path to the Chrome WebDriver executable
PATH = "C:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\Downloads\\chromedriver-win64\\chromedriver-win64/to/chromedriver.exe"  # Replace with the actual path on your system

# Create a Chrome WebDriver instance
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=PATH)

# Open a URL
driver.get("https://www.google.com/")

# Close the WebDriver when done
driver.quit()

运行后持续出现如下错误：

[Running] python -u "c:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\OneDrive - CPGGPC\\Python\\import os.py"
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python311\\Lib\\site-packages\\selenium\\webdriver\\common\\driver_finder.py", line 38, in get_path
    path = SeleniumManager().driver_location(options) if path is None else path
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python311\\Lib\\site-packages\\selenium\\webdriver\\common\\selenium_manager.py", line 71, in driver_location
    browser = options.capabilities["browserName"]
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'capabilities'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\OneDrive - CPGGPC\\Python\\import os.py", line 6, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(driver_path)
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python311\\Lib\\site-packages\\selenium\\webdriver\\chrome\\webdriver.py", line 45, in __init__
    super().__init__(
  File "C:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python311\\Lib\\site-packages\\selenium\\webdriver\\chromium\\webdriver.py", line 51, in __init__
    self.service.path = DriverFinder.get_path(self.service, options)
                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python311\\Lib\\site-packages\\selenium\\webdriver\\common\\driver_finder.py", line 40, in get_path
    msg = f"Unable to obtain driver for {options.capabilities['browserName']} using Selenium Manager."
                                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'capabilities'

[Done] exited with code=1 in 0.683 seconds

环境信息 #

• Python版本：3.11.4
• Chrome浏览器版本：116.0.5845.97（官方版本，64位）
• ChromeDriver版本：win64的116.0.5845.96
• Selenium版本：4.11.2

解决方案 #

1. 使用Service类指定ChromeDriver路径（推荐） #

Selenium 4.x版本开始，webdriver.Chrome()不再直接接受executable_path作为位置参数，需要通过Service类传入驱动路径：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service

# 统一路径分隔符，Windows下用双反斜杠或单斜杠都可
PATH = "C:\\Users\\CHEEMN2\\Downloads\\chromedriver-win64\\chromedriver-win64\\chromedriver.exe"

# 创建Service对象，传入驱动路径
service = Service(PATH)
# 初始化Chrome驱动
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)

driver.get("https://www.google.com/")
driver.quit()

2. 让Selenium Manager自动管理驱动（更简便） #

Selenium 4.6+版本自带的Selenium Manager可以自动下载匹配浏览器版本的驱动，无需手动指定路径，代码简化为：

from selenium import webdriver

# 直接初始化，Selenium会自动处理驱动
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.google.com/")
driver.quit()

3. 检查路径格式问题 #

原代码中路径混合了\\和/，虽然Windows系统兼容，但建议统一使用双反斜杠\\或单斜杠/，避免路径解析错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Rubal