无法导入Mockito库至测试类，编译依赖解析失败求助

我在Java项目的build.gradle中已经配置了Mockito和JUnit Jupiter的测试依赖，但测试类无法导入Mockito相关类（比如MockitoExtension、Mock等），出现依赖未解析的编译错误。执行./gradlew build命令时，测试类仍然存在编译问题。

项目结构说明 #

测试类位于src/test/java/com/codingame/service目录下，主代码位于src/main/java/com/codingame目录下。

当前build.gradle代码 #

plugins {
    id 'java'
    id 'application'
}
ext {
    buildId = System.currentTimeMillis()
    codinGameMainClass = "com.codingame.App"
}
group = 'com.coding-game-problem'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
java {
    sourceCompatibility = '8'
}

repositories {
    jcenter()
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:4.11.0'
    testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.7.2'
}

test {
    reports {
        junitXml.enabled = true
        def destinationDirectory = System.getProperty("user.home") + "/.gradle/daemon/${buildId}/test-results"
        junitXml.destination = file(destinationDirectory)
        html.enabled = true
    }
    useJUnitPlatform {
    }
    testLogging.events ("STANDARD_ERROR")
    testLogging.events ("STANDARD_OUT")
    afterSuite { desc, result ->
        if (!desc.parent) {
            println "\nTEST RESULT: ${result.resultType}"
            println "TEST SUMMARY: RAN ${result.testCount} TESTS, " +
                    "${result.successfulTestCount} SUCCEEDED, " +
                    "${result.failedTestCount} FAILED, " +
                    "${result.skippedTestCount} SKIPPED"
        }
    }
}
tasks.named('test') {
    useJUnitPlatform()
}

测试类中无法导入的代码片段 #

import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

@DisplayName("ContestServiceTest")
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)

解决方案 #

• 清理仓库配置：jcenter已停止服务，建议从repositories中移除，仅保留mavenCentral()，避免依赖解析失败。
• 移除重复配置：删除tasks.named('test')闭包中的useJUnitPlatform()，因为test闭包中已配置该属性，重复配置可能引发冲突。
• 刷新依赖缓存：执行命令 ./gradlew clean build --refresh-dependencies，强制重新下载依赖，修复缓存损坏问题。
• 验证依赖引入：执行命令 ./gradlew dependencies --configuration testImplementation，检查输出中是否包含org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:4.11.0及org.mockito:mockito-core，确认依赖已正确解析。
• 检查Gradle版本：Java 8环境配合Mockito 4.x，建议使用Gradle 7.0及以上版本，若版本过低请升级Gradle。

修改后的build.gradle示例 #

plugins {
    id 'java'
    id 'application'
}
ext {
    buildId = System.currentTimeMillis()
    codinGameMainClass = "com.codingame.App"
}
group = 'com.coding-game-problem'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
java {
    sourceCompatibility = '8'
}

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:4.11.0'
    testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.7.2'
}

test {
    reports {
        junitXml.enabled = true
        def destinationDirectory = System.getProperty("user.home") + "/.gradle/daemon/${buildId}/test-results"
        junitXml.destination = file(destinationDirectory)
        html.enabled = true
    }
    useJUnitPlatform()
    testLogging.events ("STANDARD_ERROR")
    testLogging.events ("STANDARD_OUT")
    afterSuite { desc, result ->
        if (!desc.parent) {
            println "\nTEST RESULT: ${result.resultType}"
            println "TEST SUMMARY: RAN ${result.testCount} TESTS, " +
                    "${result.successfulTestCount} SUCCEEDED, " +
                    "${result.failedTestCount} FAILED, " +
                    "${result.skippedTestCount} SKIPPED"
        }
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Manish Verma