Tkinter Canvas清除失效：Mancala游戏特殊规则场景异常

问题现象 #

• 游戏中Pit类的clear_counters方法通过self.canv.delete("all")清除Canvas上的棋子，普通操作时正常生效。
• 触发特殊规则时出现异常：当玩家最后一颗棋子落在己方空坑，需取对面坑的棋子存入银行，此时clear_counters方法已执行（通过打印语句可确认），但对应Canvas未被清除，银行计数正确但对面坑的棋子视觉未消失。

复现步骤 #

依次选择列6、2、7、8，再选择列6，即可触发该特殊规则场景。

完整游戏代码 #

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox as m
import random as r
import math as ma

WOODEN="#DEB887"
PALE_COLOURS={"PALE_BLUE":"#CDF5F6",
"PALE_YELLOW":"#EFF9DA",
"PALE_RED":"#F9D8D6",
"PALE_GREEN":"#DDF0C7",
"PALE_PINK":"#D6CDEA",
"PALE_ORANGE":"#FFCD9B"}
PALE_GREY="#C3C3C3"
YELLOW="#FFFF00"
BLACK="#000000"

class Game(tk.Tk):

  def __init__(self):
    super().__init__()
    self.geometry("920x210")
    self.configure(bg=WOODEN)
    self.resizable(False, False)
    self.title("Mancala")
    self.layout_info={"0":"P2","1":"P1"}
    self.turn="P2"
    self.P1pots={"Bank":Bank(self,"P1"),"Pits":[Pit(self,"P1",i) for i in range(1,9)]}
    self.P2pots={"Bank":Bank(self,"P2"),"Pits":[Pit(self,"P2",i) for i in range (1,9)]}
    self.distribute_counters()
    self.switch_turns()
    self.mainloop()

  def check_end(self):
    self.player1total=0
    self.player2total=0
    for item in self.P1pots["Pits"]:
      self.player1total+=len(item.counters)
    for item in self.P2pots["Pits"]:
      self.player2total+=len(item.counters)
    self.player1empty=self.player1total == 0
    self.player2empty=self.player2total == 0
    end = (self.player1empty) or (self.player2empty)
    if end:
      self.finish()

  def move_counters(self,sequence):
    global colours
    for x in range(len(colours)):
      for item in self.winfo_children():
        if item.grid_info()["row"] == sequence[x][0] and item.grid_info()["column"] == sequence[x][1]:
          last=item
          item.increment_counters()
    intermediate=self.layout_info[str(last.grid_info()["row"])]
    print(last.grid_info())
    print(last.counters)
    print(intermediate,self.turn)
    if len(last.counters) == 1 and intermediate == self.turn:
      if self.turn == "P1":
        self.P2pots["Pits"][last.grid_info()["column"]-1].clear_counters()
        self.P1pots["Bank"].increment_counters(len(colours))
      else:
        self.P1pots["Pits"][last.grid_info()["column"]-1].clear_counters()
        self.P2pots["Bank"].increment_counters(len(colours))
    elif last.grid_info()["column"] == 0 or last.grid_info()["column"] == 9:
      self.switch_turns()

  def finish(self):
    self.player1finaltotal=len(self.P1pots["Bank"].counters)
    self.player2finaltotal=len(self.P2pots["Bank"].counters)
    if self.player1empty:
      self.player2finaltotal+=self.player2total
      for item in self.P2pots["Pits"]:
        amount=len(item.counters)
        if amount != 0:
          item.clear_counters()
          self.P2pots["Bank"].increment_counters(amount)
    if self.player2empty:
      self.player1finaltotal+=self.player2total
      for item in self.P1pots["Pits"]:
        amount=len(item.counters)
        if amount != 0:
          item.clear_counters()
          self.P1pots["Bank"].increment_counters(amount)
    v=False
    if self.player1finaltotal > self.player2finaltotal:
      winner="Player 1"
    elif self.player2finaltotal > self.player1finaltotal:
      winner="Player 2"
    else:
      v=True
      m.showinfo("Endgame","It is a draw!")
    if not v:
      m.showinfo("Endgame",winner+" has won!")
    again=m.askyesno("Endgame","Do you want to play again?")
    if again:
      self.reset()
    else:
      self.destroy()
      quit()

  def reset(self):
    self.turn="P2"
    self.P1pots={"Bank":Bank(self,"P1"),"Pits":[Pit(self,"P1",i) for i in range(1,9)]}
    self.P2pots={"Bank":Bank(self,"P2"),"Pits":[Pit(self,"P2",i) for i in range (1,9)]}
    self.distribute_counters()
    self.switch_turns()
  
  def switch_turns(self):
    self.check_end()
    if self.turn == "P1":
      self.turn = "P2"
      for item in self.P2pots["Pits"]:
        if len(item.counters) != 0:
          item.add_events()
      for item in self.P1pots["Pits"]:
        item.remove_events()
    else:
      self.turn = "P1"
      for item in self.P1pots["Pits"]:
        if len(item.counters) != 0:
          item.add_events()
      for item in self.P2pots["Pits"]:
        item.remove_events()

  def distribute_counters(self):
    for item in self.P1pots["Pits"]:
      item.add_counters()
    for item in self.P2pots["Pits"]:
      item.add_counters()

class Cell(tk.Frame):

  def __init__(self,master,height,BG):
    super().__init__(master=master,width=80,height=height,bg=BG,borderwidth=0)
    self.amount=0
    self.counters=[]
    self.start_canvas()
    self.redraw()
  
  def start_canvas(self):
    self.canv=tk.Canvas(self,width=80,height=80,bg=WOODEN,bd=0,highlightthickness=0)
  
  def redraw(self):
    self.canv.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky="NESW")


class Bank(Cell):

  def __init__(self,master,player):
    super().__init__(master,148,WOODEN)
    self.player=player
    self.counters=[]
    self.enlarge_canvas()
    self.add_pot()
    if player == "P1":
      self.grid(row=0,column=9,rowspan=2,pady=(7,10),padx=(10,15))
    else:
      self.grid(row=0,column=0,rowspan=2,pady=(10,7),padx=(15,10),sticky="NESW")

  def increment_counters(self,num=1):
    global colours
    for x in range(num):
      coord=(0,0)
      while self.invalid(coord):
        coord=(r.randint(10,70),r.randint(10,170))
      colour=colours.pop()
      self.counters.append(colour)
      c=(coord[0]-10,coord[1]-10,coord[0]+10,coord[1]+10)
      self.canv.create_oval(c,fill=colour,outline=BLACK)

  def invalid(self,coords):
    if coords[1] > 140:
      return ma.sqrt((coords[0]-40)**2+(coords[1]-140)**2) >= 30
    elif coords[1] < 40:
      return ma.sqrt((coords[0]-40)**2+(coords[1]-40)**2) >= 30
    else:
      return False
  
  def enlarge_canvas(self):
    self.canv.configure(height=180)

  def add_pot(self):
    self.p1=self.canv.create_arc((2,2,78,78),start=0,extent=180)
    self.p2=self.canv.create_arc((2,102,78,178),start=180,extent=180)
    self.p3=self.canv.create_line(2,40,78,40,fill=WOODEN)
    self.p4=self.canv.create_line(2,140,78,140,fill=WOODEN)
    self.p5=self.canv.create_line(2,40,2,140)
    self.p6=self.canv.create_line(78,40,78,140)
  

class Pit(Cell):

  def __init__(self,master,player,index):
    super().__init__(master,80,WOODEN)
    self.amount=6
    self.master=master
    self.counters=[]
    self.add_pot()
    if player == "P1":
      self.grid(row=1,column=index,pady=(7,12),padx=4,sticky="NESW")
    else:
      self.grid(row=0,column=9-index,pady=(12,7),padx=4,sticky="NESW")

  def increment_counters(self):
    global colours
    colour=colours.pop()
    if len(self.counters) == 6:
      self.canv.create_oval((30,30,50,50),outline=BLACK,fill=colour)
    else:
      dist=r.uniform(0,30)
      angle=r.uniform(0,2*ma.pi)
      y=dist*ma.sin(angle)
      x=dist*ma.cos(angle)
      coords=(x+50,y+50,x+30,y+30)
      self.canv.create_oval(coords,outline=BLACK,fill=colour)
    self.counters.append(colour)
  
  def chosen(self,event):
    self.clear_counters()
    self.determine_sequence()
    self.master.switch_turns()
  
  def determine_sequence(self):
    if self.grid_info()["row"] == 0:
      orderlist=[(0,x) for x in range(self.grid_info()["column"]-1,0,-1)]+[(0,0)]+[(1,x) for x in range(1,9)]
      orderlist+=orderlist+orderlist+orderlist
      self.master.move_counters(orderlist)
    else:
      orderlist=[(1,x) for x in range(self.grid_info()["column"]+1,9)]+[(0,9)]+[(0,x) for x in range(8,0,-1)]
      orderlist+=orderlist+orderlist+orderlist
      self.master.move_counters(orderlist)
  
  def clear_counters(self):
    global colours
    colours=self.counters
    print("A")
    self.canv.delete("all")
    print("B")
    self.p1=self.canv.create_oval(1,1,79,79)
    self.counters=[]

  def add_events(self):
    self.canv.bind("<Enter>",lambda e: self.canv.itemconfig(self.p1,outline=YELLOW))
    self.canv.bind("<Leave>",lambda e: self.canv.itemconfig(self.p1,outline=BLACK))
    self.canv.bind("<Button-1>",self.chosen)

  def remove_events(self):
    self.canv.unbind("<Enter>")
    self.canv.unbind("<Leave>")
    self.canv.unbind("<Button-1>")
  
  def add_pot(self):
    self.p1=self.canv.create_oval(1,1,79,79)

  def add_counters(self):
    coords=[(43,7,63,27),(18,7,38,27),(43,53,63,73),(18,53,38,73),(4,30,24,50),(76,50,56,30)]
    for z in range(6):
      colour=PALE_COLOURS[list(PALE_COLOURS)[z]]
      self.counters.append(colour)
      self.canv.create_oval(coords[z],outline=BLACK,fill=colour)


if __name__ == "__main__":
  window = Game()

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Shaken not Stirred