C++获取Mellanox网卡及CPU温度方案问询（Windows11环境）

一、Mellanox ConnectX-5网卡温度获取（无命令行调用） #

方法1：通过Mellanox WinOF-2 WMI接口查询 #

Mellanox WinOF-2驱动自带WMI类，可直接通过C++的WMI客户端查询温度数据，无需额外依赖：

1. 引入依赖头文件与库：

#include <windows.h>
#include <wbemidl.h>
#include <comdef.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")

2. 核心查询实现：

HRESULT GetMellanoxNicTemp(double& temp) {
    HRESULT hres;
    // 初始化COM环境
    hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
    if (FAILED(hres)) return hres;

    hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
        NULL, -1, NULL, NULL,
        RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,
        NULL, EOAC_NONE, NULL
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    // 创建WbemLocator实例
    IWbemLocator* pLoc = NULL;
    hres = CoCreateInstance(
        CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID*)&pLoc
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    // 连接Mellanox WMI命名空间
    IWbemServices* pSvc = NULL;
    hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
        _bstr_t(L"ROOT\\Mellanox"), NULL, NULL, 0,
        NULL, 0, 0, &pSvc
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    // 设置代理权限
    hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
        pSvc, RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, NULL,
        RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,
        NULL, EOAC_NONE
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    // 查询温度数据
    IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
    hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
        bstr_t("WQL"), bstr_t("SELECT * FROM MLNX_NIC_Temperature"),
        WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
        NULL, &pEnumerator
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    IWbemClassObject* pclsObj = NULL;
    ULONG uReturn = 0;
    while (pEnumerator) {
        HRESULT hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj, &uReturn);
        if (0 == uReturn) break;

        VARIANT vtProp;
        hr = pclsObj->Get(L"CurrentTemperature", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
        temp = vtProp.dblVal; // 直接获取摄氏度数值
        VariantClear(&vtProp);
        pclsObj->Release();
        break;
    }

    // 释放资源
    pEnumerator->Release();
    pSvc->Release();
    pLoc->Release();
    CoUninitialize();
    return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
}

方法2：使用Mellanox ConnectX SDK直接调用 #

Mellanox官方提供Windows版ConnectX SDK，可直接调用硬件级API读取传感器数据：

1. 下载并安装Mellanox ConnectX SDK for Windows
2. 引入SDK依赖：

#include <mlx5/sensors.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "mlx5.lib")

3. 读取温度实现：

int GetMellanoxNicTempViaSDK(double& temp) {
    mlx5_context* ctx = mlx5_open_device(0); // 0对应第一个网卡，多网卡需遍历设备ID
    if (!ctx) return -1;

    mlx5_sensor_data data;
    if (mlx5_get_sensor(ctx, MLX5_SENSOR_TEMPERATURE, &data) != 0) {
        mlx5_close_device(ctx);
        return -1;
    }

    temp = data.value / 1000.0; // 原始值为毫摄氏度，转换为摄氏度
    mlx5_close_device(ctx);
    return 0;
}

二、CPU温度获取（适配AMD/Intel） #

通用方法：WMI跨厂商查询 #

WMI可同时适配AMD Threadripper 3960X与Intel 11代Core i7，无需额外SDK：

#include <windows.h>
#include <wbemidl.h>
#include <comdef.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")

HRESULT GetCpuTemp(double& temp) {
    HRESULT hres;
    CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
    if (FAILED(hres)) return hres;

    CoInitializeSecurity(
        NULL, -1, NULL, NULL,
        RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,
        NULL, EOAC_NONE, NULL
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    IWbemLocator* pLoc = NULL;
    CoCreateInstance(
        CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID*)&pLoc
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    IWbemServices* pSvc = NULL;
    pLoc->ConnectServer(
        _bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"), NULL, NULL, 0,
        NULL, 0, 0, &pSvc
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    CoSetProxyBlanket(
        pSvc, RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, NULL,
        RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,
        NULL, EOAC_NONE
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    // 查询CPU热区温度
    IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
    pSvc->ExecQuery(
        bstr_t("WQL"),
        bstr_t("SELECT * FROM Win32_PerfFormattedData_Counters_ThermalZoneInformation"),
        WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
        NULL, &pEnumerator
    );
    if (FAILED(hres)) {
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return hres;
    }

    IWbemClassObject* pclsObj = NULL;
    ULONG uReturn = 0;
    while (pEnumerator) {
        HRESULT hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj, &uReturn);
        if (0 == uReturn) break;

        VARIANT vtProp;
        hr = pclsObj->Get(L"Temperature", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
        // 原始值为1/10开尔文，转换为摄氏度
        temp = (vtProp.uintVal - 2732) / 10.0;
        VariantClear(&vtProp);
        pclsObj->Release();
        break;
    }

    pEnumerator->Release();
    pSvc->Release();
    pLoc->Release();
    CoUninitialize();
    return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
}

厂商专属精准方案 #

• AMD Threadripper 3960X：使用AMD Ryzen Master SDK，可获取单核心级温度数据，需下载官方SDK并链接RyzenMasterSDK.lib
• Intel 11代Core i7：使用Intel Power Gadget SDK，通过IntelPowerGadget.h中的GetTemperature接口获取精准核心温度，需安装Intel Power Gadget并引用SDK

注意事项 #

• 程序需以管理员权限运行，否则WMI或SDK无法访问硬件传感器
• 确保Mellanox WinOF-2驱动为最新版本，避免API兼容性问题
• 高负载测试时，建议同时监控网卡RX/TX队列使用率、PCIe带宽，排除非温度因素导致的性能下降

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Valdez