如何通过Telegram Bot API获取投票结果、用户选择及非匿名投票中特定用户的具体选项？

Hey there! Glad you've already nailed retrieving vote counts—let's break down how to track exactly which option a specific user chose in a non-anonymous poll using the Telegram Bot API.

Key Background #

First off: Yes, you absolutely can get individual users' voting choices for non-anonymous polls—but it relies on listening for a specific type of update from Telegram, and storing that data yourself. Here's how it works:

How to Capture User Votes #

1. Listen for poll_answer Updates
   Whenever a user submits their vote in a non-anonymous poll, Telegram sends your bot a poll_answer update. This update includes all the info you need:

   • poll_id: Unique ID of the poll (to link it to the poll you created)
   • user: Full details of the voting user (ID, username, first/last name)
   • option_ids: An array of IDs corresponding to the option(s) the user selected (single ID for single-choice polls, multiple for multi-select)

2. Set Up Your Bot to Receive These Updates
   Make sure your bot is configured to fetch updates either via getUpdates or a webhook, and that you're not filtering out poll_answer events. Most bot libraries have built-in handlers for this.

Example Code (Python with python-telegram-bot) #

Here's a quick example to show you how to capture and log these votes:

from telegram import Update
from telegram.ext import ApplicationBuilder, PollAnswerHandler, ContextTypes

async def log_user_vote(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    poll_response = update.poll_answer
    
    # Extract key details
    poll_id = poll_response.poll_id
    voting_user = poll_response.user
    selected_option_ids = poll_response.option_ids
    
    # If you stored the original poll's options (e.g., ["Pizza", "Burgers", "Tacos"]),
    # you can map the IDs to actual option text:
    # original_options = context.bot_data.get(poll_id, [])
    # selected_options = [original_options[id] for id in selected_option_ids]
    
    print(f"User {voting_user.id} (@{voting_user.username}) voted for option IDs: {selected_option_ids}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = ApplicationBuilder().token("YOUR_BOT_TOKEN_HERE").build()
    app.add_handler(PollAnswerHandler(log_user_vote))
    app.run_polling()

Important Notes #

• No Historical Data: Telegram only sends the poll_answer update when the user votes—you won't get a backlog of past votes retroactively. You need to store these responses (e.g., in a database) as they come in if you want to look up a user's choice later.
• Anonymous Polls Don't Work: For anonymous polls, the poll_answer update won't include any user information—this is intentional to preserve anonymity.
• Permissions: As long as your bot can create polls, it has permission to receive poll_answer updates—no extra permissions needed.

So to recap: By listening for poll_answer updates and storing the user + option data, you can easily look up exactly what any specific user voted for in a non-anonymous poll.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Gello