如何通过代理（主机、端口）使用服务账号上传文件至Google Drive？

方法一：通过环境变量自动配置 #

httplib2（googleapiclient的底层网络库）会自动读取系统的HTTP_PROXY和HTTPS_PROXY环境变量，你可以通过两种方式设置：

方式1：运行脚本前在终端设置 #

# Linux/macOS
export HTTP_PROXY=http://proxy-host:port
export HTTPS_PROXY=https://proxy-host:port

# Windows（PowerShell）
$env:HTTP_PROXY="http://proxy-host:port"
$env:HTTPS_PROXY="https://proxy-host:port"

设置完成后直接运行脚本即可，无需修改原有代码。

方式2：在脚本内部设置环境变量 #

在main函数开头添加环境变量配置：

os.environ['HTTP_PROXY'] = 'http://proxy-host:port'
os.environ['HTTPS_PROXY'] = 'https://proxy-host:port'

方法二：手动配置带代理的HTTP客户端（适合需要认证的代理） #

如果你的代理需要用户名和密码认证，或者需要更精细的控制，可以手动创建带代理的httplib2.Http实例，传给googleapiclient的build方法。修改后的完整代码如下：

import os
import googleapiclient.http
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from google.oauth2 import service_account
import httplib2

key_file_location = 'service_account.json' # path to json file 

def upload_file(service, file_path, folder_id):
    file_name = os.path.basename(file_path)
    file_metadata = {
        'name': file_name,
        'parents': [folder_id]
    }
    media = googleapiclient.http.MediaFileUpload(file_path)
    file = service.files().create(body=file_metadata, media_body=media, fields='id').execute()
    print(f'File uploaded with ID: {file["id"]}')

def main():
    # 代理配置
    proxy_host = 'proxy-host'
    proxy_port = 8080
    # 如果代理需要认证，取消下面两行注释并填写实际信息
    # proxy_user = 'your-proxy-username'
    # proxy_pass = 'your-proxy-password'
    
    # 创建带代理的httplib2客户端
    proxy_info = httplib2.ProxyInfo(
        httplib2.socks.PROXY_TYPE_HTTP,
        proxy_host,
        proxy_port,
        # proxy_user=proxy_user,
        # proxy_pass=proxy_pass
    )
    http = httplib2.Http(proxy_info=proxy_info)
    
    # 获取服务账号凭证，明确指定所需权限
    credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
        key_file_location,
        scopes=['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive']
    )
    # 将凭证与带代理的HTTP客户端绑定
    http = credentials.authorize(http)
    
    # 创建Drive服务时传入自定义HTTP客户端
    service = build('drive', 'v3', http=http)
    
    cho = "y"
    while cho == "y":
        file_to_upload_path = input("Enter the path to the file you want to upload: ")
        folder_id = input("Enter the ID of the Google Drive folder where you want to upload the file: ")
        upload_file(service, file_to_upload_path, folder_id)
        cho = input("Do you want to upload another file? (y/n): ")   

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

注意事项 #

• 若代理无需认证，直接删除proxy_user和proxy_pass相关代码即可
• 确保服务账号已获得目标Drive文件夹的写入权限（需在Drive中共享文件夹给服务账号邮箱）
• 明确指定scopes可避免权限不足问题，示例中使用的https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive为全权限，若需更严格权限可替换为https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者P Moto500