Expo构建阶段无法定位splash/icon等资源文件的问题求助

Expo应用本地开发（Expo Go、Android模拟器运行）及npx expo-doctor检测均正常，但在Expo云端构建和Prebuild环节报错，提示无法找到./assets/splash.png、./assets/icon.png、./assets/adaptive-icon.png文件。

配置与日志信息 #

app.json相关配置片段 #

"splash": {
  "image": "./assets/splash.png",
  "resizeMode": "contain",
  "backgroundColor": "#0b0b0b"
},
"android": {
  "adaptiveIcon": {
    "foregroundImage": "./assets/adaptive-icon.png",
    "backgroundColor": "#ffffff"
  }
},
"expo": {
    "icon": "./assets/icon.png"
 },

Expo Build错误日志 #

[stderr] 
Error: Problem validating asset fields in app.json.
[stderr] 
 • Field: Android.adaptiveIcon.foregroundImage - cannot access file at './assets/adaptive-icon.png'.
[stderr] 
 • Field: Splash.image - cannot access file at './assets/splash.png'.
[stderr] 
 • Field: icon - cannot access file at './assets/icon.png'.
[stderr] 
One or more checks failed, indicating possible issues with the project.

Command "expo doctor" failed.
npx -y expo-doctor exited with non-zero code: 1

本地npx expo-doctor检测结果 #

WARNING: We recommend using PowerShell or Bash via WSL 2 for development with Expo CLI on Windows. You may encounter issues using cmd.exe.

✔ Check Expo config for common issues
✔ Check package.json for common issues
✔ Check dependencies for packages that should not be installed directly
✔ Check for common project setup issues
✔ Check npm/ yarn versions
✔ Check Expo config (app.json/ app.config.js) schema
✔ Check for legacy global CLI installed locally
✔ Check that native modules do not use incompatible support packages
✔ Check that packages match versions required by installed Expo SDK
✔ Check that native modules use compatible support package versions for installed Expo SDK

Didn't find any issues with the project!

Expo Prebuild错误日志 #

✖ Config sync failed
[stderr] 
Error: [android.dangerous]: withAndroidDangerousBaseMod: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open './assets/adaptive-icon.png'
[stderr] 
Error: [android.dangerous]: withAndroidDangerousBaseMod: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open './assets/adaptive-icon.png'
[stderr] 
    at Object.openSync (node:fs:590:3)
[stderr] 
    at readFileSync (node:fs:458:35)
[stderr] 
    at calculateHash (/home/expo/workingdir/build/node_modules/@expo/image-utils/build/Cache.js:14:91)
[stderr] 
    at createCacheKey (/home/expo/workingdir/build/node_modules/@expo/image-utils/build/Cache.js:19:18)
[stderr] 
    at Object.createCacheKeyWithDirectoryAsync (/home/expo/workingdir/build/node_modules/@expo/image-utils/build/Cache.js:24:33)
[stderr] 
    at generateImageAsync (/home/expo/workingdir/build/node_modules/@expo/image-utils/build/Image.js:151:34)
[stderr] 
    at async generateIconAsync (/home/expo/workingdir/build/node_modules/@expo/prebuild-config/build/plugins/icons/withAndroidIcons.js:350:11)
[stderr] 
    at async /home/expo/workingdir/build/node_modules/@expo/prebuild-config/build/plugins/icons/withAndroidIcons.js:278:21
[stderr] 
    at async Promise.all (index 0)
[stderr] 
    at async generateMultiLayerImageAsync (/home/expo/workingdir/build/node_modules/@expo/prebuild-config/build/plugins/icons/withAndroidIcons.js:274:3)

Error: Unknown error. See logs of the Prebuild build phase for more information.

解决方案 #

1. 检查.gitignore配置 #

云端构建依赖Git同步代码，确认.gitignore未误排除assets/目录或目标图片文件（比如是否存在assets/、*.png这类规则），避免构建服务器拉取不到文件。

2. 验证路径大小写 #

构建服务器多为Linux环境，区分文件名大小写，而本地Windows/macOS可能不区分：

• 检查本地文件实际命名是否和配置完全一致，比如是否存在Splash.png而非splash.png
• 确认assets目录名为小写，避免Assets/和配置里的./assets/不匹配

3. 替换为根路径格式 #

将配置中的相对路径改为从项目根目录起始的绝对路径：

"splash": {
  "image": "/assets/splash.png"
},
"android": {
  "adaptiveIcon": {
    "foregroundImage": "/assets/adaptive-icon.png"
  }
},
"expo": {
    "icon": "/assets/icon.png"
 }

4. 清理缓存后重新同步 #

本地执行以下命令清理缓存，再重新提交代码到仓库：

npx expo prebuild --clean
npx expo cache:clear

5. 确认文件层级 #

确保app.json位于项目根目录，assets目录与app.json同级；若使用app.config.js，确保配置路径是相对于项目根的。

6. 本地验证文件存在性 #

在终端执行命令，确认目标文件确实存在：

ls -la ./assets/

若文件缺失，重新添加正确的图片到assets目录。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Geret Wessling