Dart异步请求测试脚本执行失败问题排查

现有业务代码可正常运行，但编写的Flutter测试脚本无法完成执行。测试脚本中调用异步网络请求获取DigitalCardModel，第一个测试就报错，提示预期与实际的DigitalCardModel实例不匹配，实际返回空实例，疑似未等待异步请求完成。

测试脚本 #

import 'package:members_info/models/digital_card_model.dart';
import 'package:members_info/network/network_digital_card.dart';
import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';

void main() {
  DigitalCardModel testAndrew = DigitalCardModel.fromJson({
"name":"Andrew",
    "phone": "",
    "expired": "Y",
    "lapsing": "Y",
    "externalid": "29033"
  });

  DigitalCardModel testSarah = DigitalCardModel.fromJson({
"name":"Sarah",
    "phone": "",
    "expired": "N",
    "lapsing": "N",
    "externalid": "13"
  });

  group("Test DigitalCardModel request", () {
    test('Andrew', () async {
      DigitalCardModel digitalCard =
          await NetworkDigitalCard().getDigitalCard('andrew@acme.com');

      expect(digitalCard, testAndrew);
    });
    test('Sarah', () async {
      DigitalCardModel digitalCard =
          await NetworkDigitalCard().getDigitalCard('sarah@acme.com');

      expect(digitalCard, testSarah);
    });
  });
}

测试错误信息 #

Exception has occurred.
TestFailure (Expected: <Instance of 'DigitalCardModel'>
Actual: <Instance of 'DigitalCardModel'>
)

运行测试时出现上述错误，且无法进入第二个测试。

应用中调用网络请求的代码 #

late Future<DigitalCardModel> digitalCard =
      NetworkDigitalCard().getDigitalCard(_email);

网络请求代码 #

import 'package:dio/dio.dart';
import 'package:members_info/extensions/string.dart';
import 'package:members_info/models/digital_card_model.dart';
import 'package:sentry_flutter/sentry_flutter.dart';

class NetworkDigitalCard {
  String getUrl(email) =>
      'https://acme.com/jsonCardDetails?email=$email';

// 供页面调用的方法
  Future<DigitalCardModel> getDigitalCard(String email) async {
    if (!email.isValidEmail) {
      return DigitalCardModel(
          
          name: "Invalid Email",
          phone: "",
          expired: "",
          lapsing: "",
          externalid: 0);
    }
    try {
      Response<dynamic> response = await Dio().get(getUrl(email));
      if (response.data['unknown'] == true) {
        return DigitalCardModel(externalid: response.data['externalid']);
      }

      // 返回有效数据
      return DigitalCardModel.fromJson(response.data);
    } catch (exception, stackTrace) {
      await Sentry.captureException(
        exception,
        stackTrace: stackTrace,
      );
    }
    return DigitalCardModel();
  }

  Future<DigitalCardModel> refreshContent(String email) async {
    return getDigitalCard(email);
  }
}

Flutter环境信息 #

Flutter (Channel stable, 3.10.6, on macOS 13.5 22G74 darwin-x64, locale en-AU)
    • Flutter version 3.10.6 on channel stable at /Users/sarah/development/flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision f468f3366c (9 weeks ago), 2023-07-12 15:19:05 -0700
    • Engine revision cdbeda788a
    • Dart version 3.0.6
    • DevTools version 2.23.1

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sarah K