使用Dagger Hilt构建Pokédex应用时遭遇ClassNotFoundException求助

我正在用Dagger Hilt开发Pokédex应用，配置好API获取对象列表后，运行应用持续抛出如下异常：

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate application com.example.pokedex_tutorial.PokedexApplication: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "com.example.pokedex_tutorial.PokedexApplication" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/app/~~dm2RLkrZitO-2YAba3pu3A==/com.example.pokedex_tutorial-4k4KLyudFgSUrCU--HNRXA==/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/~~dm2RLkrZitO-2YAba3pu3A==/com.example.pokedex_tutorial-4k4KLyudFgSUrCU--HNRXA==/lib/x86, /system/lib, /system_ext/lib]]
                                        at android.app.LoadedApk.makeApplication(LoadedApk.java:1244)
                                        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:6683)
                                        at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1300(ActivityThread.java:237)
                                        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1913)
                                        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
                                        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:223)
                                        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7656)
                                        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
                                        at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:592)
                                        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:947)
                                    Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "com.example.pokedex_tutorial.PokedexApplication" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/app/~~dm2RLkrZitO-2YAba3pu3A==/com.example.pokedex_tutorial-4k4KLyudFgSUrCU--HNRXA==/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/~~dm2RLkrZitO-2YAba3pu3A==/com.example.pokedex_tutorial-4k4KLyudFgSUrCU--HNRXA==/lib/x86, /system/lib, /system_ext/lib]]
                                        at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:207)
                                        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:379)
                                        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:312)
                                        at android.app.AppComponentFactory.instantiateApplication(AppComponentFactory.java:76)
                                        at androidx.core.app.CoreComponentFactory.instantiateApplication(CoreComponentFactory.java:51)
                                        at android.app.Instrumentation.newApplication(Instrumentation.java:1158)
                                        at android.app.LoadedApk.makeApplication(LoadedApk.java:1236)
                                        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:6683) 
                                        at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1300(ActivityThread.java:237) 
                                        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1913) 
                                        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106) 
                                        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:223) 
                                        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7656) 
                                        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
                                        at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:592) 
                                        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:947) 
                                        Suppressed: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Lcom/example/pokedex_tutorial/Hilt_PokedexApplication;
                                            at java.lang.VMClassLoader.findLoadedClass(Native Method)
                                            at java.lang.ClassLoader.findLoadedClass(ClassLoader.java:738)
                                            at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:363)
                                            ... 14 more
                                        Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "com.example.pokedex_tutorial.Hilt_PokedexApplication" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/app/~~dm2RLkrZitO-2YAba3pu3A==/com.example.pokedex_tutorial-4k4KLyudFgSUrCU--HNRXA==/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/~~dm2RLkrZitO-2YAba3pu3A==/com.example.pokedex_tutorial-4k4KLyudFgSUrCU--HNRXA==/lib/x86, /system/lib, /system_ext/lib]]
                                            at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:207)
                                            at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:379)
                                            at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:312)
                                            ... 17 more

相关源码已上传至GitHub仓库，我怀疑问题出在Gradle配置上，以下是我的配置文件：

项目级build.gradle #

plugins {
    id("com.android.application") version "8.1.1" apply false
    id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android") version "1.8.10" apply false
    id("com.google.devtools.ksp") version "1.8.10-1.0.9" apply false
    id("com.google.dagger.hilt.android") version "2.44.2" apply false
}

模块级build.gradle #

plugins {
    id("com.android.application")
    id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android")
    id("com.google.devtools.ksp")
    id("com.google.dagger.hilt.android")
}

android {
    namespace = "com.example.pokedex_tutorial"
    compileSdk = 34

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId = "com.example.pokedex_tutorial"
        minSdk = 30
        targetSdk = 34
        versionCode = 1
        versionName = "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        vectorDrawables {
            useSupportLibrary = true
        }
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            isMinifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles(
                getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"),
                "proguard-rules.pro"
            )
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = "17"
    }
    buildFeatures {
        compose = true
    }
    composeOptions {
        kotlinCompilerExtensionVersion = "1.4.3"
    }
    packaging {
        resources {
            excludes += "/META-INF/{AL2.0,LGPL2.1}"
        }
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.12.0")
    implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.6.2")
    implementation("androidx.activity:activity-compose:1.7.2")
    implementation(platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2023.03.00"))
    implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui")
    implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-graphics")
    implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling-preview")
    implementation("androidx.compose.material3:material3")
    testImplementation("junit:junit:4.13.2")
    androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.5")
    androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.5.1")
    androidTestImplementation(platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2023.03.00"))
    androidTestImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-junit4")
    debugImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling")
    debugImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-manifest")


    implementation("androidx.compose.material:material:1.5.1")
    implementation("androidx.compose.material:material-icons-core:1.5.1")
    implementation("androidx.compose.material:material-icons-extended:1.5.1")
    implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-compose:2.7.0-alpha02")
    implementation("androidx.navigation:navigation-compose:2.7.2")
    implementation("androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout-compose:1.1.0-alpha12")

    // Retrofit
    implementation("com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.9.0")
    implementation("com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.9.0")
    implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.9.0")
    implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:4.9.0")

    // Timber
    implementation("com.jakewharton.timber:timber:4.7.1")

    // Coroutines
    implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.7.1")
    implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:1.7.1")

    // Coroutine Lifecycle Scopes
    implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.6.2")
    implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.6.2")

    // Coil
    implementation("io.coil-kt:coil:1.1.1")
    implementation("com.google.accompanist:accompanist-coil:0.7.0")

    //Dagger - Hilt
    implementation("com.google.dagger:dagger:2.44.2")
    ksp("com.google.dagger:dagger-compiler:2.44.2")

    implementation("com.google.dagger:hilt-android:2.44.2")
    implementation("androidx.hilt:hilt-lifecycle-viewmodel:1.0.0-alpha03")
    implementation("androidx.hilt:hilt-navigation-compose:1.1.0-alpha01")
    ksp("androidx.hilt:hilt-compiler:1.1.0-alpha01")
    ksp("com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:2.44.2")


    implementation("androidx.palette:palette-ktx:1.0.0")
}

解决建议 #

• 确认PokedexApplication类已添加@HiltAndroidApp注解，并且在AndroidManifest.xml的<application>标签中通过android:name属性正确指定该类
• 执行清理重建：运行./gradlew clean后再执行./gradlew assembleDebug，清除旧的编译缓存
• 检查包名一致性：确保PokedexApplication类的实际包名与build.gradle中声明的namespace = "com.example.pokedex_tutorial"完全一致
• 验证KSP配置：Hilt编译器依赖必须使用ksp而非kapt，当前配置中已使用ksp，但需确保KSP版本与Kotlin版本（1.8.10）匹配
• 检查混淆设置：即使release版本未开启混淆，若debug版本有自定义混淆规则，需确保Hilt生成的类（如Hilt_PokedexApplication）未被移除
• 升级依赖版本：当前Hilt版本2.44.2较旧，可尝试升级到稳定新版本（如2.48），同时确保Compose、Kotlin、KSP版本相互兼容

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者baqterya