Android Compose项目Room编译失败：Unknown Kotlin JVM target:20

问题背景 #

在Android Studio Flamingo中创建Compose应用并添加Room依赖后，编译时触发:app:kaptGenerateStubsDebugKotlin任务失败，提示Unknown Kotlin JVM target:20。已排查SQL语句、注解配置，尝试切换JVM 20和Kotlin 1.9.0但问题仍未解决。

报错详情 #

编译报错日志 #

To honour the JVM settings for this build a single-use Daemon process will be forked. For more on this, please refer to https://docs.gradle.org/8.3/userguide/gradle_daemon.html#sec:disabling_the_daemon in the Gradle documentation.
Daemon will be stopped at the end of the build 
> Task :app:kaptGenerateStubsDebugKotlin FAILED

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:kaptGenerateStubsDebugKotlin'.
> Error while evaluating property 'compilerOptions.jvmTarget' of task ':app:kaptGenerateStubsDebugKotlin'.
   > Failed to calculate the value of property 'jvmTarget'.
      > Unknown Kotlin JVM target: 20

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.
> Get more help at https://help.gradle.org.

BUILD FAILED in 36s
13 actionable tasks: 1 executed, 12 up-to-date

堆栈跟踪关键信息 #

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unknown Kotlin JVM target: 20
        at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget$Companion.fromTarget(JvmTarget.kt:26)
        at org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.tasks.DefaultKotlinJavaToolchain$wireJvmTargetToToolchain$1$1.invoke(DefaultKotlinJavaToolchain.kt:78)
        ... 110 more

相关配置文件 #

模块级app/build.gradle.kts #

plugins {
    id("com.android.application")
    id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android")
    id("kotlin-kapt")
}

android {
    namespace = "<hidden>"
    compileSdk = 33

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId = "<hidden>"
        minSdk = 26
        targetSdk = 33
        versionCode = 1
        versionName = "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        vectorDrawables {
            useSupportLibrary = true
        }
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            isMinifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles(
                getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"),
                "proguard-rules.pro"
            )
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 // Tried VERSION_20 but no chnages
        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 // "      "          "     "
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = "1.8" // Tried 20 but Showed unknown jvmTarget  here
    }
    buildFeatures {
        compose = true
    }
    composeOptions {
        kotlinCompilerExtensionVersion = "1.4.3"
    }
    packaging {
        resources {
            excludes += "/META-INF/{AL2.0,LGPL2.1}"
        }
    }
}

dependencies {

    val navigation_version = "2.6.0"
    val room_version = "2.5.2"

    implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.9.0")
    implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.6.1")
    implementation("androidx.activity:activity-compose:1.7.2")
    implementation(platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2023.03.00"))
    implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui")
    implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-graphics")
    implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling-preview")
    implementation("androidx.compose.material3:material3")
    implementation("androidx.navigation:navigation-compose:$navigation_version")
    implementation("androidx.compose.material:material-icons-extended:1.4.0")
    implementation("androidx.room:room-ktx:$room_version")
    kapt("androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version")

    testImplementation("junit:junit:4.13.2")
    androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.5")
    androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.5.1")
    androidTestImplementation(platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2023.03.00"))
    androidTestImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-junit4")
    debugImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling")
    debugImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-manifest")
}

根目录build.gradle.kts #

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
plugins {
    id("com.android.application") version "8.1.1" apply false
    id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android") version "1.8.10" apply false
}

解决方法 #

• 统一Kotlin版本与JVM目标兼容性
  根目录gradle配置中Kotlin版本为1.8.10，而Kotlin 1.8.x仅支持到JVM目标17，不兼容JVM 20。有两种处理方案：

  1. 升级Kotlin版本（支持JVM 20）
     修改根目录build.gradle.kts中的Kotlin版本为1.9.0及以上：

     plugins {
         id("com.android.application") version "8.1.1" apply false
         id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android") version "1.9.0" apply false
     }
     

     同步后，在模块级app/build.gradle.kts中同步JVM配置：

     compileOptions {
         sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_20
         targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_20
     }
     kotlinOptions {
         jvmTarget = "20"
     }
     

  2. 降级JVM目标（适配现有依赖）
     保持Kotlin 1.8.10版本，将模块级gradle中的JVM目标设置为1.8或17，同时确保Android Studio项目JDK设置为对应版本：

     compileOptions {
         sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
         targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
     }
     kotlinOptions {
         jvmTarget = "1.8"
     }
     

• 检查Room与Kotlin版本兼容性
  Room 2.5.2与Kotlin 1.8.10、1.9.0均兼容，无需额外调整Room版本。

• 清理缓存并重建项目
  执行File -> Invalidate Caches... -> Invalidate and Restart清理缓存，然后重新运行构建任务。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者0xdead