Docker中运行Selenium ChromeWebDriver报错，寻求解决方案

初始化Driver代码 #

def initialize_driver(self):
    try:
        options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
        options.add_argument("--headless")
        options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
        options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(ChromeDriverManager().install()),  options=options)
        return driver
    except Exception as error:
        logging.error("INITIAL:",error)

报错信息 #

Logging error ---
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/webdriver_manager/core/file_manager.py", line 65, in __extract_zip
archive.extractall(to_directory)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/zipfile.py", line 1677, in extractall
self._extract_member(zipinfo, path, pwd)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/zipfile.py", line 1732, in _extract_member
shutil.copyfileobj(source, target)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/shutil.py", line 197, in copyfileobj
buf = fsrc_read(length)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/zipfile.py", line 951, in read
data = self._read1(n)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/zipfile.py", line 1019, in _read1
data += self._read2(n - len(data))
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/zipfile.py", line 1054, in _read2
raise EOFError
EOFError

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/app/newsarticle.py", line 122, in initialize_driver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(ChromeDriverManager().install()),  options=options)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/webdriver_manager/chrome.py", line 40, in install
driver_path = self._get_driver_binary_path(self.driver)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/webdriver_manager/core/manager.py", line 41, in _get_driver_binary_path
binary_path = self._cache_manager.save_file_to_cache(driver, file)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/webdriver_manager/core/driver_cache.py", line 54, in save_file_to_cache
files = self.unpack_archive(archive, path)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/webdriver_manager/core/driver_cache.py", line 49, in unpack_archive
return self._file_manager.unpack_archive(archive, path)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/webdriver_manager/core/file_manager.py", line 57, in unpack_archive
return self.__extract_zip(archive_file, target_dir)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/webdriver_manager/core/file_manager.py", line 67, in __extract_zip
if e.args[0] not in [26, 13] and e.args[1] not in [

IndexError: tuple index out of range

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/logging/__init__.py", line 1110, in emit
msg = self.format(record)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/logging/__init__.py", line 953, in format
return fmt.format(record)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/logging/__init__.py", line 687, in format
record.message = record.getMessage()
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/logging/__init__.py", line 377, in getMessage
msg = msg % self.args
~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~
TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting

Call stack:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/threading.py", line 995, in _bootstrap
self._bootstrap_inner()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/threading.py", line 1038, in _bootstrap_inner

当前Dockerfile内容 #

FROM python:3.11.2
WORKDIR /app
ADD . /app 
RUN apt -f install
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl && apt-get install -y wget && apt-get install bzip2 -y && apt-get install unzip -y

RUN wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
RUN dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb; apt-get -fy install

COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt 
RUN pip install -r ./requirements.txt 
CMD [ "python", "main.py" ]

requirements.txt内容 #

selenium
packaging
webdriver_manager
chromedriver-binary

已尝试操作 #

曾在Dockerfile中添加以下依赖，但问题未解决：

RUN apt-get install -y gconf-service libasound2 libatk1.0-0 libcairo2 libcups2 libfontconfig1 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libgtk-3-0 libnspr4 libpango-1.0-0 libxss1 fonts-liberation libappindicator1 libnss3 lsb-release xdg-utils

解决方案 #

1. 修复日志格式化错误 #

报错中的TypeError源于日志语句格式错误，修改代码中的日志行：

# 原代码
logging.error("INITIAL:",error)
# 修改为以下任意一种
logging.error("INITIAL: %s", error)
# 或者
logging.error(f"INITIAL: {error}")

2. 手动安装对应版本的ChromeDriver，避免自动下载问题 #

容器中已安装Chrome，直接手动安装匹配版本的ChromeDriver，绕过webdriver-manager的自动下载逻辑（EOFError是下载的压缩包损坏导致）。

修改Dockerfile，添加ChromeDriver安装步骤

FROM python:3.11.2
WORKDIR /app

# 合并安装命令，清理缓存减小镜像
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    curl wget unzip \
    && wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb \
    && dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb \
    && apt-get -fy install \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

# 获取Chrome版本并安装对应ChromeDriver
RUN CHROME_VERSION=$(google-chrome --version | grep -oP '\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+') && \
    wget -O /tmp/chromedriver.zip https://storage.googleapis.com/chrome-for-testing-public/$CHROME_VERSION/linux64/chromedriver-linux64.zip && \
    unzip /tmp/chromedriver.zip -d /usr/local/bin/ && \
    chmod +x /usr/local/bin/chromedriver-linux64/chromedriver && \
    ln -s /usr/local/bin/chromedriver-linux64/chromedriver /usr/local/bin/chromedriver && \
    rm /tmp/chromedriver.zip

COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

COPY . .
CMD ["python", "main.py"]

修改Python初始化代码，指定ChromeDriver路径

def initialize_driver(self):
    try:
        options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
        options.add_argument("--headless")
        options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
        options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")
        # 直接指定本地ChromeDriver路径
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service("/usr/local/bin/chromedriver"), options=options)
        return driver
    except Exception as error:
        logging.error("INITIAL: %s", error)

3. 升级webdriver-manager版本 #

报错中的IndexError是webdriver-manager的已知bug，升级到最新版本可修复：
修改requirements.txt：

selenium
packaging
webdriver-manager>=4.0.1
chromedriver-binary

然后重新构建容器。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者bumbummath