Linux环境Codeception测试遇ChromeDriver DevToolsActivePort不存在错误

我在Linux流水线中使用Google Chrome和ChromeDriver运行Codeception测试。此前通过.deb包安装的Chrome版本可正常运行，但因Chrome与ChromeDriver版本不兼容，切换为Chrome for Testing后测试无法启动。

我将Chrome for Testing的文件解压到/tmp/chrome/chrome-linux64/后移至/opt/google/chrome/，并创建软链接到/usr/bin/google-chrome（基于自定义Docker镜像）：

ln -s /opt/google/chrome/chrome /usr/bin/google-chrome

尝试多种解决方案后，所有Codeception测试仍报以下错误：

[Facebook\WebDriver\Exception\SessionNotCreatedException] session not created: Chrome failed to start: exited normally.

(session not created: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)

(The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

我已修改Chrome选项修复了之前的所有dbus错误，且在Codeception实例外单独运行Chrome可正常工作。当前测试套件配置如下：

[...]
        modules:
            enabled:
                - WebDriver:
                    url: http://127.0.0.1/index.php
                    port: 9515
                    os: linux
                    browser: chrome
                    capabilities:
                        acceptInsecureCerts: true
                        platformName: "linux"
                        chromeOptions:
                            args: ["--no-sandbox",
                                   "--headless=new",
                                   "--disable-gpu",
                                   "--window-size=1920,1080",
                                   "--start-maximized",
                                   "--disable-extensions",
                                   "--proxy-server='direct://'",
                                   "--proxy-bypass-list=*",                                   
                                   "--disable-dev-shm-usage",              
                                   "--ignore-certificate-errors",
                                   "--remote-allow-origins=*"]
                            binary: "/usr/bin/google-chrome"
[...]

我通过以下命令在后台启动ChromeDriver（命令未变更且可正常运行）：

nohup /usr/bin/chromedriver --url-base=wd/hub &

测试失败后执行ps aux命令，发现Chrome残留大量CrashPad僵尸进程：

root        1167  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1173  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1175  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1181  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1183  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1189  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1191  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1197  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1199  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1205  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

root        1207  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        Z    13:17   0:00 [chrome_crashpad] <defunct>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者mk55k