iOS 17中-[UIImage drawInRect:blendMode:alpha:]崩溃问题咨询

这段代码在iOS 17.0之前运行正常，但在iOS 17.0环境下出现崩溃，以下是崩溃调用栈：

0   VideoToolbox                    0x00000001b145025c ___VTDecompressionSessionRemote_DecodeTile_block_invoke_2 :60 (in VideoToolbox)
1   libdispatch.dylib               0x00000001a8a8b300 __dispatch_client_callout :20 (in libdispatch.dylib)
2   libdispatch.dylib               0x00000001a8a9a6b4 __dispatch_lane_barrier_sync_invoke_and_complete :56 (in libdispatch.dylib)
3   VideoToolbox                    0x00000001b14500e0 _VTDecompressionSessionRemote_DecodeTile :696 (in VideoToolbox)
4   CMPhoto                         0x00000001c4f9cb70 _VTTileDecompressionPluginClass_decode :376 (in CMPhoto)
5   CMPhoto                         0x00000001c4fa2974 __decodeItem :6008 (in CMPhoto)
6   CMPhoto                         0x00000001c4f9278c __applyDecodeStrategy :396 (in CMPhoto)
7   CMPhoto                         0x00000001c4ff755c __decodeImage :452 (in CMPhoto)
8   CMPhoto                         0x00000001c4ff3418 __createImageForIndex :472 (in CMPhoto)
9   CMPhoto                         0x00000001c4fae3b0 _CMPhotoDecompressionContainerCreateImageForIndex :280 (in CMPhoto)
10  ImageIO                         0x00000001a696fe74 __ZN14HEIFReadPlugin20copyImageBlockSetImpEP7InfoRecP15CGImageProvider6CGRect6CGSizePK14__CFDictionary :2208 (in ImageIO)
11  ImageIO                         0x00000001a69722dc __ZN14HEIFReadPlugin14decodeImageImpEP18IIODecodeParameter12IIOImageTypePP11__IOSurfacePP10__CVBufferPP15CGImageBlockSet :616 (in ImageIO)
12  ImageIO                         0x00000001a67dd55c __ZN13IIOReadPlugin15callDecodeImageEP18IIODecodeParameter12IIOImageTypePP11__IOSurfacePP10__CVBufferPP15CGImageBlockSet :800 (in ImageIO)
13  ImageIO                         0x00000001a67dce90 __ZN10IIO_Reader21CopyImageBlockSetProcEPvP15CGImageProvider6CGRect6CGSizePK14__CFDictionary :688 (in ImageIO)
14  ImageIO                         0x00000001a67dcaf8 __ZN20IIOImageProviderInfo28copyImageBlockSetWithOptionsEP15CGImageProvider6CGRect6CGSizePK14__CFDictionary :744 (in ImageIO)
15  ImageIO                         0x00000001a67dc728 __ZN20IIOImageProviderInfo28CopyImageBlockSetWithOptionsEPvP15CGImageProvider6CGRect6CGSizePK14__CFDictionary :804 (in ImageIO)
16  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a2726dd8 _imageProvider_retain_data :92 (in CoreGraphics)
17  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a2711098 _CGDataProviderRetainData :80 (in CoreGraphics)
18  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a27110e0 _provider_for_destination_retain_data :28 (in CoreGraphics)
19  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a2711098 _CGDataProviderRetainData :80 (in CoreGraphics)
20  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a2710d64 _CGAccessSessionCreate :124 (in CoreGraphics)
21  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a270dfec _img_data_lock :2400 (in CoreGraphics)
22  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a270d640 _CGSImageDataLock :1324 (in CoreGraphics)
23  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a2718a54 _ripc_AcquireRIPImageData :848 (in CoreGraphics)
24  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a2718290 _ripc_DrawImage :832 (in CoreGraphics)
25  CoreGraphics                    0x00000001a2717dc8 _CGContextDrawImageWithOptions :1120 (in CoreGraphics)
26  UIKitCore                       0x00000001a2e47b00 -[UIImage drawInRect:blendMode:alpha:] :1072 (in UIKitCore)

问题分析 #

从调用栈可以看出，崩溃发生在VideoToolbox的分块解码逻辑中：流程从-[UIImage drawInRect:blendMode:alpha:]触发，经CoreGraphics、ImageIO，最终调用CMPhoto的HEIF解码模块，再调用VideoToolbox远程解码会话时崩溃。结合iOS 17.0之前无此问题的情况，这属于iOS 17.0系统在HEIF图片分块解码上的兼容性bug。

修复方案 #

方案一：转换图片格式绕过HEIF解码 #

将HEIF图片转换为PNG或JPEG格式后再处理，直接避开系统的HEIF解码逻辑：

// iOS 12+推荐使用新API
UIImage *heifImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"test.heic"];
NSData *pngData = heifImage.pngData();
UIImage *pngImage = [UIImage imageWithData:pngData];
// 后续使用pngImage进行绘制操作

方案二：修改图片绘制逻辑 #

如果必须使用HEIF格式，尝试避免直接调用drawInRect:blendMode:alpha:：

• 优先使用UIImageView直接显示图片，让系统处理绘制逻辑；
• 若需手动绘制，将绘制操作放到异步队列执行，避免主线程同步触发分块解码：

dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(QOS_CLASS_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
    UIImage *processedImage = [self processOriginalImage:originalHeifImage];
    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
        [processedImage drawInRect:targetRect blendMode:kCGBlendModeNormal alpha:1.0];
    });
});

方案三：升级系统版本 #

苹果通常会在iOS小版本更新中修复这类系统级bug，测试iOS 17.1及以上版本，若bug已修复，引导用户升级系统。

方案四：手动配置ImageIO解码参数 #

使用ImageIO API手动解码HEIF图片，添加缓存参数避免分块解码：

NSData *heifData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:@"test.heic"];
NSDictionary *decodeOptions = @{
    (__bridge NSString *)kCGImageSourceShouldCacheImmediately : @YES,
    (__bridge NSString *)kCGImageSourceCreateThumbnailFromImageAlways : @NO
};
CGImageSourceRef source = CGImageSourceCreateWithData((__bridge CFDataRef)heifData, (__bridge CFDictionaryRef)decodeOptions);
CGImageRef cgImage = CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(source, 0, (__bridge CFDictionaryRef)decodeOptions);
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:cgImage];
// 释放资源
CGImageRelease(cgImage);
CFRelease(source);

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Albert