首次运行Flutter应用Gradle构建失败：无法解析Groovy相关依赖

首次运行Flutter应用时遇到以下构建错误：

Launching lib\main.dart on Android SDK built for x86 in debug mode...
执行Gradle任务'assembleDebug'...

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':gradle:compileGroovy'.
> Could not resolve all files for configuration ':gradle:detachedConfiguration1'.
   > Could not find org.codehaus.groovy:groovy:?.?.??.
     Searched in the following locations:
       - https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/org/codehaus/groovy/groovy/?.?.??/groovy-?.?.??.pom
       - https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/groovy/groovy/?.?.??/groovy-?.?.??.pom
     Required by:
         project :gradle
   // 其余Groovy依赖找不到的错误信息省略...

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 1m 57s
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1

相关配置文件：

gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties #

distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.5-all.zip

app/build.gradle #

plugins {
    id "com.android.application"
    id "kotlin-android"
    id "dev.flutter.flutter-gradle-plugin"
}

def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file('local.properties')
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
    localPropertiesFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader ->
        localProperties.load(reader)
    }
}

def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionCode')
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
    flutterVersionCode = '1'
}

def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionName')
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
    flutterVersionName = '1.0'
}

android {
    namespace "com.sfesthmp.sfesth"
    compileSdkVersion flutter.compileSdkVersion
    ndkVersion flutter.ndkVersion

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }

    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = '1.8'
    }

    sourceSets {
        main.java.srcDirs += 'src/main/kotlin'
    }

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.sfesthmp.sfesth"
        minSdkVersion flutter.minSdkVersion
        targetSdkVersion flutter.targetSdkVersion
        versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
        versionName flutterVersionName
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
        }
    }
}

flutter {
    source '../..'
}

dependencies {}

android/build.gradle #

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.7.10'
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.3.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

rootProject.buildDir = '../build'
subprojects {
    project.buildDir = "${rootProject.buildDir}/${project.name}"
}
subprojects {
    project.evaluationDependsOn(':app')
}

tasks.register("clean", Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

解决方案 #

1. 移除多余的:gradle子模块 #

错误日志中提到的project :gradle并非Flutter Android项目的默认模块，大概率是误创建的。检查android目录下是否存在名为gradle的文件夹，若有则直接删除。

2. 明确指定Groovy版本（若项目需用到Groovy） #

如果项目中使用了Groovy脚本，需在android/build.gradle的buildscript块中添加Groovy版本配置：

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.7.10'
    ext.groovy_version = '3.0.17' // 与Gradle 7.5兼容的版本
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.3.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
        classpath "org.codehaus.groovy:groovy-all:$groovy_version"
    }
}

3. 清理缓存并重新构建 #

执行以下命令彻底清理缓存：

flutter clean
# 删除Android模块的Gradle缓存（Linux/macOS）
rm -rf android/.gradle
# Windows系统替换为：rmdir /s /q android\.gradle
flutter pub get
flutter run

4. 重新生成Gradle Wrapper #

若Gradle Wrapper存在损坏，执行以下命令重新生成：

cd android
./gradlew wrapper --gradle-version 7.5 --distribution-type all
cd ..
flutter run

Windows系统使用：

cd android
gradlew.bat wrapper --gradle-version 7.5 --distribution-type all
cd ..
flutter run

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mohammed