使用LINE Messaging API创建Rich Menu时JSON解析错误求助

问题 #

在Windows 11的PowerShell中执行LINE官方文档的curl命令创建Rich Menu，调整了-d参数内JSON的size和name字段顺序后，请求返回400错误，提示「请求体无法解析为JSON（line: 1, column: 3）」。

执行的命令：

curl.exe -v -X POST https://api.line.me/v2/bot/richmenu -H 'Authorization: Bearer {my channel access token} -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"size":{"width":2500,"height":1686},"selected":false,"name":"Test the default rich menu","chatBarText":"Tap to open","areas":[{"bounds":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1666,"height":1686},"action":{"type":"uri","label":"Tap area A","uri":"https://www.python.jp/train/index.html"}}]}'

完整返回信息：

Note: Unnecessary use of -X or --request, POST is already inferred.
*   Trying 147.92.249.148:443...
* Connected to api.line.me (147.92.249.148) port 443 (#0)
* schannel: disabled automatic use of client certificate
* ALPN: offers http/1.1
* ALPN: server accepted http/1.1
* using HTTP/1.1
> POST /v2/bot/richmenu HTTP/1.1
> Host: api.line.me
> User-Agent: curl/8.0.1
> Accept: */*
> Authorization: Bearer 39agOWZRzGsJjTKMCHoaoIpjE5W9GDuQd0tT0RKv3Kdc9onMrqcwq758jAEztD+22f41jZtgdTO/FOfDi0GdxkcO63KCPRb0BrNCynQsokXJpM1XUMDQsKj7qW3StyfYxHwzVDQsCStwORWBH6ztQAdB04t89/1O/w1cDnyilFU=
> Content-Type: application/json
> Content-Length: 230
>
< HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
< server: legy
< cache-control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate
< content-type: application/json
< date: Wed, 27 Sep 2023 23:24:26 GMT
< expires: 0
< pragma: no-cache
< x-content-type-options: nosniff
< x-frame-options: DENY
< x-line-request-id: 0a3b64be-2e00-4d90-9493-13338982f5e2
< x-xss-protection: 1; mode=block
< content-length: 79
<
{"message":"The request body could not be parsed as JSON (line: 1, column: 3)"}* Connection #0 to host api.line.me left intact

错误原因与解决方案 #

错误原因 #

1. Authorization请求头未闭合：命令中第一个-H参数的单引号缺失闭合标记，'Authorization: Bearer {my channel access token}后面没有对应的单引号，导致整个命令的参数解析混乱，最终发送给服务器的JSON格式完全错误。
2. PowerShell引号解析冲突：PowerShell对单引号、双引号的解析逻辑与Linux终端不同，直接用单引号包裹含双引号的JSON内容，会引发解析异常，破坏JSON结构。

解决步骤 #

1. 修复Authorization头的引号：给第一个-H参数补充闭合的单引号，正确格式为：-H 'Authorization: Bearer {my channel access token}'
2. 调整JSON的引号处理方式：提供两种可行方案：

方案一：转义JSON内部双引号

用双引号包裹整个-d参数，同时将JSON内部的双引号转义为\"，修复后的命令如下：

curl.exe -v -X POST https://api.line.me/v2/bot/richmenu -H 'Authorization: Bearer {my channel access token}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d "{\"size\":{\"width\":2500,\"height\":1686},\"selected\":false,\"name\":\"Test the default rich menu\",\"chatBarText\":\"Tap to open\",\"areas\":[{\"bounds\":{\"x\":0,\"y\":0,\"width\":1666,\"height\":1686},\"action\":{\"type\":\"uri\",\"label\":\"Tap area A\",\"uri\":\"https://www.python.jp/train/index.html\"}}]}"

方案二：使用外部JSON文件

将JSON内容保存为单独的.json文件，避免引号冲突：

1. 创建richmenu.json文件，内容如下：

{
  "size": {"width":2500,"height":1686},
  "selected":false,
  "name":"Test the default rich menu",
  "chatBarText":"Tap to open",
  "areas":[
    {
      "bounds":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":1666,"height":1686},
      "action":{"type":"uri","label":"Tap area A","uri":"https://www.python.jp/train/index.html"}
    }
  ]
}

2. 执行curl命令读取该文件：

curl.exe -v -X POST https://api.line.me/v2/bot/richmenu -H 'Authorization: Bearer {my channel access token}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d "@richmenu.json"

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Akasama