使用RestAssured发送POST请求遇500内部服务器错误，Postman请求正常

我使用RestAssured向https://restful-booker.herokuapp.com/booking发送POST请求时收到500内部服务器错误，但用Postman调用同一接口能得到200成功响应。相关Java代码如下：

@Given("select  POST request")
public void select_POST_request() {
    RestAssured.baseURI="https://restful-booker.herokuapp.com/booking";
    HashMap<String,String> head=new HashMap<String,String>();
    head.put("Content-Type", "text/xml");
    head.put("Accept", "*/*");
    head.put("Connection", "keep-alive");
    head.put("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br");
    Response resp = RestAssured
            .given()
            .log()
            .all()
            .headers(head)
            .body(body)
            .relaxedHTTPSValidation()
            .when()
            .post();
    System.out.println(resp);
    System.out.println(resp.asPrettyString());
    System.out.println(resp.getStatusCode());
    Assert.assertEquals(resp.getStatusCode(), "200");

String body="<booking>\r\n"+ "<firstname>guru</firstname>\r\n"              + "<lastname>swa</lastname>\r\n"+ "totalprice>12000</totalprice>\r\n"
+ "<depositpaid>5000</depositpaid>\r\n"+ "<bookingdates>\r\n"+ "<checkin>2023-09-25</checkin>\r\n"+ "checkout>2023-09-27</checkout>\r\n"+ "</bookingdates>\r\n"+ "additionalneeds>lunch</additionalneeds>\r\n"+"</booking>";
}

问题排查结果 #

• XML请求体语法错误：请求体中的totalprice、checkout、additionalneeds标签缺少左尖括号<，导致XML格式完全无效，服务器无法解析请求内容，直接返回500错误。
• 断言类型不匹配：Assert.assertEquals(resp.getStatusCode(), "200")中，getStatusCode()返回的是整数类型状态码，却与字符串"200"做比较，不仅会导致断言失败，也是代码中的明显逻辑错误。

修正后的代码 #

@Given("select  POST request")
public void select_POST_request() {
    RestAssured.baseURI="https://restful-booker.herokuapp.com/booking";
    HashMap<String,String> head=new HashMap<String,String>();
    head.put("Content-Type", "text/xml");
    head.put("Accept", "*/*");
    head.put("Connection", "keep-alive");
    head.put("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br");
    
    // 修正XML标签的语法错误
    String body="<booking>\r\n"
            + "<firstname>guru</firstname>\r\n"
            + "<lastname>swa</lastname>\r\n"
            + "<totalprice>12000</totalprice>\r\n"
            + "<depositpaid>5000</depositpaid>\r\n"
            + "<bookingdates>\r\n"
            + "<checkin>2023-09-25</checkin>\r\n"
            + "<checkout>2023-09-27</checkout>\r\n"
            + "</bookingdates>\r\n"
            + "<additionalneeds>lunch</additionalneeds>\r\n"
            + "</booking>";
    
    Response resp = RestAssured
            .given()
            .log()
            .all()
            .headers(head)
            .body(body)
            .relaxedHTTPSValidation()
            .when()
            .post();
    System.out.println(resp);
    System.out.println(resp.asPrettyString());
    System.out.println(resp.getStatusCode());
    // 修正断言的类型匹配问题，使用整数200进行比较
    Assert.assertEquals(resp.getStatusCode(), 200);
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者guru