VS Code中Flutter项目Java19与Gradle7.5兼容问题求助

问题情况 #

• 所有在VS Code中创建的Flutter项目，其android文件夹都会报出异常，但程序的运行、构建操作均不受影响
• 该问题仅出现在VS Code中，使用Android Studio打开项目则无异常

报错信息 #

The supplied phased action failed with an exception.
A problem occurred configuring root project 'android'.
A problem occurred evaluating root project 'android'.
A problem occurred configuring project ':app'.
Execution failed for task ':gradle:compileGroovy'.
BUG! exception in phase 'semantic analysis' in source unit 'D:\Flutter\setup\flutter\packages\flutter_tools\gradle\src\main\groovy\flutter.groovy' Unsupported class file major version 63
Unsupported class file major version 63

Flutter Doctor检测结果 #

flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[√] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.13.1, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19045.3448], locale en-GB)
[√] Windows Version (Installed version of Windows is version 10 or higher)
[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 34.0.0)
[√] Chrome - develop for the web
[X] Visual Studio - develop Windows apps
    X Visual Studio not installed; this is necessary to develop Windows apps.
      Download at https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/.
      Please install the "Desktop development with C++" workload, including all of its default components
[√] Android Studio (version 2022.3)
[√] VS Code (version 1.81.1)
[√] Connected device (3 available)
[√] Network resources

! Doctor found issues in 1 category.

解决步骤 #

这个错误源于Gradle使用的JDK版本与Groovy编译不兼容——Class file major version 63对应JDK 19，而当前Gradle版本不支持该JDK版本，按以下步骤处理：

• 打开项目android文件夹下的gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties文件，修改distributionUrl为支持JDK 19的Gradle版本，例如：distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.2-all.zip（Flutter 3.13.x推荐搭配Gradle 8.x）
• 检查VS Code的JDK配置：打开设置（快捷键Ctrl+,），搜索java.home，确保配置的JDK版本为Gradle支持的版本，也可直接指定使用Android Studio自带的JDK（路径一般为Android Studio安装目录下的jbr文件夹，比如C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\jbr）
• 在项目根目录执行命令flutter clean清理缓存，之后重新打开VS Code
• 若上述方法无效，更新VS Code中Flutter、Java相关插件到最新版本，确保插件与工具链版本匹配

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Abdalrahman Alaa eldin