如何在RMarkdown（bookdown::pdf_document2）中居中kable表格？

问题原因 #

你开启了longtable = TRUE参数，生成的是LaTeX的longtable环境，而默认的kable_styling(position = "center")对这种跨页表格的全局居中支持不足，导致表格无法居中显示。

具体解决方法 #

方法1：指定列对齐+表格居中配置 #

在kable()中通过align参数设置每一列居中，同时在kable_styling()中添加latex_options = "centering"来强制longtable环境居中：

library(kableExtra)

data.frame(exp = c("LR Test", "R$^2$ de McFadden"),
           value = c("4155.8$^{***}$", 0.299)) |>
  kable(col.names = c("Variável explicativa", "Efeito"),
        caption = "Teste de razão de verossimilhança",
        booktabs = TRUE,
        longtable = TRUE,
        linesep = "",
        escape = FALSE,
        align = "cc") |>  # 设置两列都居中
  kable_styling(latex_options = "centering") |>  # 替换position参数实现longtable居中
  footnote(general_title = "",
           general = "Nota: $^{*}$p $<$ 0.1; $^{**}$p $<$ 0.05; $^{***}$p $<$ 0.01",
           escape = FALSE)

方法2：手动插入LaTeX居中命令 #

如果方法1效果不理想，可以手动在表格输出中插入LaTeX的\centering命令：

library(kableExtra)

data.frame(exp = c("LR Test", "R$^2$ de McFadden"),
           value = c("4155.8$^{***}$", 0.299)) |>
  kable(col.names = c("Variável explicativa", "Efeito"),
        caption = "Teste de razão de verossimilhança",
        booktabs = TRUE,
        longtable = TRUE,
        linesep = "",
        escape = FALSE) |>
  add_header_above(c(" " = 2), escape = FALSE, latex_after = "\\centering") |>  # 插入全局居中命令
  kable_styling() |>
  footnote(general_title = "",
           general = "Nota: $^{*}$p $<$ 0.1; $^{**}$p $<$ 0.05; $^{***}$p $<$ 0.01",
           escape = FALSE)

额外建议 #

如果你的表格不需要跨页显示，直接删除longtable = TRUE参数，原本的kable_styling(position = "center")就能正常让表格居中。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Alexandre Sanches