React前端启动报ENOENT错误：找不到指定路径‘E:\...\С:’求助

问题现象 #

后端运行正常，但启动前端执行npm start时出现文件找不到错误，错误路径显示为E:\expense-tracker_fullstack-master\frontend\С:（注：此处为西里尔字母С，非拉丁字母C）。

执行命令及报错信息 #

PS E:\expense-tracker_fullstack-master\frontend> npm start

> frontend@0.1.0 start
> react-scripts --openssl-legacy-provider start

node:internal/fs/utils:350
    throw err;
    ^

Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, lstat 'E:\expense-tracker_fullstack-master\frontend\С:'
    at Object.realpathSync (node:fs:2655:7)
    at Object.<anonymous> (E:\expense-tracker_fullstack-master\frontend\node_modules\temp-dir\index.js:9:13)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1256:14)
    at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1310:10)
    at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1119:32)
    at Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:960:12)
    at Module.require (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1143:19)
    at require (node:internal/modules/cjs/helpers:119:18)
    at Object.<anonymous> (E:\expense-tracker_fullstack-master\frontend\node_modules\tempy\index.js:5:17)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1256:14) {
  errno: -4058,
  syscall: 'lstat',
  code: 'ENOENT',
  path: 'E:\\expense-tracker_fullstack-master\\frontend\\С:'
}

调试日志 #

0 verbose cli C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\bin\npm-cli.js
1 info using npm@9.8.1
2 info using node@v18.18.0
3 timing npm:load:whichnode Completed in 3ms
4 timing config:load:defaults Completed in 3ms
5 timing config:load:file:C:\Users\alexm\AppData\Roaming\nvm\v18.18.0\node_modules\npm\npmrc Completed in 4ms
6 timing config:load:builtin Completed in 5ms
7 timing config:load:cli Completed in 2ms
8 timing config:load:env Completed in 1ms
9 timing config:load:file:E:\expense-tracker_fullstack-master\frontend\.npmrc Completed in 0ms
10 timing config:load:project Completed in 1ms
11 timing config:load:file:C:\Users\alexm\.npmrc Completed in 1ms
12 timing config:load:user Completed in 1ms
13 timing config:load:file:C:\Program Files\nodejs\etc\npmrc Completed in 0ms
14 timing config:load:global Completed in 0ms
15 timing config:load:setEnvs Completed in 1ms
16 timing config:load Completed in 15ms
17 timing npm:load:configload Completed in 15ms
18 timing config:load:flatten Completed in 3ms
19 timing npm:load:mkdirpcache Completed in 0ms
20 timing npm:load:mkdirplogs Completed in 0ms
21 verbose title npm start
22 verbose argv "start"
23 timing npm:load:setTitle Completed in 2ms
24 timing npm:load:display Completed in 0ms
25 verbose logfile logs-max:10 dir:C:\Users\alexm\AppData\Local\npm-cache\_logs\2023-10-07T11_30_24_913Z-
26 verbose logfile C:\Users\alexm\AppData\Local\npm-cache\_logs\2023-10-07T11_30_24_913Z-debug-0.log
27 timing npm:load:logFile Completed in 43ms
28 timing npm:load:timers Completed in 0ms
29 timing npm:load:configScope Completed in 0ms
30 timing npm:load Completed in 97ms
31 silly logfile start cleaning logs, removing 3 files
32 silly logfile error removing log file C:\Users\alexm\AppData\Local\npm-cache\_logs\2023-10-07T11_03_16_946Z-debug-0.log [Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, lstat 'C:\Users\alexm\AppData\Local\npm-cache\_logs\2023-10-07T11_03_16_946Z-debug-0.log'] {
32 silly logfile   errno: -4048,
32 silly logfile   code: 'EPERM',
32 silly logfile   syscall: 'lstat',
32 silly logfile   path: 'C:\\Users\\alexm\\AppData\\Local\\npm-cache\\_logs\\2023-10-07T11_03_16_946Z-debug-0.log'
32 silly logfile }
33 silly logfile done cleaning log files
34 timing command:run-script Completed in 1538ms
35 timing command:start Completed in 1548ms
36 verbose exit 1
37 timing npm Completed in 1821ms
38 verbose code 1

已尝试的操作 #

• 更换Visual Studio Code版本
• 更换Node.js版本
• 重装项目依赖（删除node_modules、package-lock.json后重新执行npm install）
• 执行npm audit fix
• 删除node_modules目录后重新安装

解决方案 #

错误核心是系统临时目录环境变量被错误解析，temp-dir包读取时将西里尔字母的С:拼接到项目路径下，导致找不到文件。按以下步骤修复：

1. 检查并重置系统临时环境变量 #

• 右键「此电脑」→「属性」→「高级系统设置」→「环境变量」
• 在「用户变量」或「系统变量」中找到TEMP和TMP，确认其值为有效路径（例如C:\Users\alexm\AppData\Local\Temp），若路径异常则重置为默认值

2. 临时指定临时目录启动项目 #

在PowerShell中执行以下命令，手动指定临时目录后启动：

$env:TEMP="C:\Users\alexm\AppData\Local\Temp"; $env:TMP="C:\Users\alexm\AppData\Local\Temp"; npm start

3. 清理npm缓存 #

执行命令清理缓存，避免缓存中的异常数据影响：

npm cache clean --force

4. 重新安装依赖 #

删除旧的依赖文件后重新安装：

rm -Recurse node_modules, package-lock.json
npm install

原因分析 #

错误路径中的С:是西里尔字母（俄语字符），说明系统环境变量中的临时目录路径被错误替换或因字符编码问题解析异常，导致temp-dir包读取时错误拼接路径。其他电脑正常是因为环境变量配置无异常，未出现字符解析问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者6e3noHToBui