如何创建使用Material 3默认主题的Android项目？

1. 切换到Material 3依赖 #

在模块级build.gradle（或build.gradle.kts）中，替换Material依赖：

• 移除Material 2依赖：implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:<旧版本号>'
• 添加Material 3稳定版依赖：implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.11.0'（可替换为最新稳定版）
• 点击"Sync Now"同步项目。

2. 新建Material 3主题文件 #

备份并删除原有的Material 2主题文件，在res/values和res/values-night目录下分别创建新的themes.xml：

日间主题（values/themes.xml） #

<resources xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
    <style name="Theme.YourAppName" parent="Theme.Material3.DayNight.NoActionBar">
        <!-- 主色调 -->
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/md_theme_light_primary</item>
        <item name="colorOnPrimary">@color/md_theme_light_onPrimary</item>
        <item name="colorPrimaryContainer">@color/md_theme_light_primaryContainer</item>
        <item name="colorOnPrimaryContainer">@color/md_theme_light_onPrimaryContainer</item>
        <!-- 次色调 -->
        <item name="colorSecondary">@color/md_theme_light_secondary</item>
        <item name="colorOnSecondary">@color/md_theme_light_onSecondary</item>
        <item name="colorSecondaryContainer">@color/md_theme_light_secondaryContainer</item>
        <item name="colorOnSecondaryContainer">@color/md_theme_light_onSecondaryContainer</item>
        <!-- 第三色调 -->
        <item name="colorTertiary">@color/md_theme_light_tertiary</item>
        <item name="colorOnTertiary">@color/md_theme_light_onTertiary</item>
        <item name="colorTertiaryContainer">@color/md_theme_light_tertiaryContainer</item>
        <item name="colorOnTertiaryContainer">@color/md_theme_light_onTertiaryContainer</item>
        <!-- 背景与表面色 -->
        <item name="colorBackground">@color/md_theme_light_background</item>
        <item name="colorOnBackground">@color/md_theme_light_onBackground</item>
        <item name="colorSurface">@color/md_theme_light_surface</item>
        <item name="colorOnSurface">@color/md_theme_light_onSurface</item>
        <item name="colorSurfaceVariant">@color/md_theme_light_surfaceVariant</item>
        <item name="colorOnSurfaceVariant">@color/md_theme_light_onSurfaceVariant</item>
        <!-- 错误色 -->
        <item name="colorError">@color/md_theme_light_error</item>
        <item name="colorOnError">@color/md_theme_light_onError</item>
        <item name="colorErrorContainer">@color/md_theme_light_errorContainer</item>
        <item name="colorOnErrorContainer">@color/md_theme_light_onErrorContainer</item>
        <!-- 轮廓与系统栏 -->
        <item name="colorOutline">@color/md_theme_light_outline</item>
        <item name="android:navigationBarColor">@color/md_theme_light_surface</item>
        <item name="android:statusBarColor">@color/md_theme_light_surface</item>
        <item name="android:windowLightStatusBar" tools:targetApi="m">true</item>
    </style>
</resources>

夜间主题（values-night/themes.xml） #

<resources xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
    <style name="Theme.YourAppName" parent="Theme.Material3.DayNight.NoActionBar">
        <!-- 主色调 -->
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/md_theme_dark_primary</item>
        <item name="colorOnPrimary">@color/md_theme_dark_onPrimary</item>
        <item name="colorPrimaryContainer">@color/md_theme_dark_primaryContainer</item>
        <item name="colorOnPrimaryContainer">@color/md_theme_dark_onPrimaryContainer</item>
        <!-- 次色调 -->
        <item name="colorSecondary">@color/md_theme_dark_secondary</item>
        <item name="colorOnSecondary">@color/md_theme_dark_onSecondary</item>
        <item name="colorSecondaryContainer">@color/md_theme_dark_secondaryContainer</item>
        <item name="colorOnSecondaryContainer">@color/md_theme_dark_onSecondaryContainer</item>
        <!-- 第三色调 -->
        <item name="colorTertiary">@color/md_theme_dark_tertiary</item>
        <item name="colorOnTertiary">@color/md_theme_dark_onTertiary</item>
        <item name="colorTertiaryContainer">@color/md_theme_dark_tertiaryContainer</item>
        <item name="colorOnTertiaryContainer">@color/md_theme_dark_onTertiaryContainer</item>
        <!-- 背景与表面色 -->
        <item name="colorBackground">@color/md_theme_dark_background</item>
        <item name="colorOnBackground">@color/md_theme_dark_onBackground</item>
        <item name="colorSurface">@color/md_theme_dark_surface</item>
        <item name="colorOnSurface">@color/md_theme_dark_onSurface</item>
        <item name="colorSurfaceVariant">@color/md_theme_dark_surfaceVariant</item>
        <item name="colorOnSurfaceVariant">@color/md_theme_dark_onSurfaceVariant</item>
        <!-- 错误色 -->
        <item name="colorError">@color/md_theme_dark_error</item>
        <item name="colorOnError">@color/md_theme_dark_onError</item>
        <item name="colorErrorContainer">@color/md_theme_dark_errorContainer</item>
        <item name="colorOnErrorContainer">@color/md_theme_dark_onErrorContainer</item>
        <!-- 轮廓与系统栏 -->
        <item name="colorOutline">@color/md_theme_dark_outline</item>
        <item name="android:navigationBarColor">@color/md_theme_dark_surface</item>
        <item name="android:statusBarColor">@color/md_theme_dark_surface</item>
        <item name="android:windowLightStatusBar" tools:targetApi="m">false</item>
    </style>
</resources>

3. 添加Material 3默认颜色资源 #

在res/values目录下创建colors.xml，填入官方默认的Material 3色值：

<resources>
    <!-- 日间主题色 -->
    <color name="md_theme_light_primary">#6750A4</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onPrimary">#FFFFFF</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_primaryContainer">#EADDFF</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onPrimaryContainer">#21005D</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_secondary">#625B71</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onSecondary">#FFFFFF</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_secondaryContainer">#E8DEF8</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onSecondaryContainer">#1D192B</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_tertiary">#7D5260</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onTertiary">#FFFFFF</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_tertiaryContainer">#FFD8E4</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onTertiaryContainer">#31111D</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_error">#B3261E</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onError">#FFFFFF</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_errorContainer">#F9DEDC</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onErrorContainer">#410E0B</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_background">#FFFBFE</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onBackground">#1C1B1F</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_surface">#FFFBFE</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onSurface">#1C1B1F</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_surfaceVariant">#E7E0EC</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_onSurfaceVariant">#49454F</color>
    <color name="md_theme_light_outline">#79747E</color>

    <!-- 夜间主题色 -->
    <color name="md_theme_dark_primary">#D0BCFF</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onPrimary">#381E72</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_primaryContainer">#4F378B</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onPrimaryContainer">#EADDFF</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_secondary">#CCC2DC</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onSecondary">#332D41</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_secondaryContainer">#4A4458</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onSecondaryContainer">#E8DEF8</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_tertiary">#EFB8C8</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onTertiary">#492532</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_tertiaryContainer">#633B48</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onTertiaryContainer">#FFD8E4</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_error">#F2B8B5</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onError">#601410</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_errorContainer">#8C1D18</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onErrorContainer">#F9DEDC</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_background">#1C1B1F</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onBackground">#E6E1E5</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_surface">#1C1B1F</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onSurface">#E6E1E5</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_surfaceVariant">#49454F</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_onSurfaceVariant">#CAC4D0</color>
    <color name="md_theme_dark_outline">#938F99</color>
</resources>

4. 更新Manifest中的主题引用 #

打开AndroidManifest.xml，确保application标签使用新的Material 3主题：

<application
    ...
    android:theme="@style/Theme.YourAppName">
    ...
</application>

5. 清理Material 2遗留代码 #

• 删除旧的Material 2主题文件、颜色文件
• 检查布局文件，替换Material 2专属属性（如部分过时的app:style）为Material 3对应属性
• 移除所有未使用的Material 2相关依赖和代码引用

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者me.at.coding