Xcode 15使用#Preview宏预览UIKit视图失败：FailedToLaunchAppError

我在Xcode 15中尝试用#Preview宏预览UIKit视图，在iPhone 15模拟器上遇到了FailedToLaunchAppError，报错信息如下：

== PREVIEW UPDATE ERROR:

FailedToLaunchAppError: Failed to launch

==================================

|  RemoteHumanReadableError: The operation couldn’t be completed. Transaction failed. Process failed to launch. (process launch failed)
|  
|  BSTransactionError (1):
|  ==error-reason: process launch failed
|  ==transaction: <FBApplicationProcessLaunchTransaction: 0x600003b287e0>
|  ==precipitating-error: Error Domain=FBProcessExit Code=64 "The process failed to launch." UserInfo={NSLocalizedFailureReason=The process failed to launch., BSErrorCodeDescription=launch-failed, NSUnderlyingError=0x600000c1ad90 {Error Domain=RBSRequestErrorDomain Code=5 "Launch failed." UserInfo={NSLocalizedFailureReason=Launch failed., NSUnderlyingError=0x600000c1aee0 {Error Domain=NSPOSIXErrorDomain Code=111 "Unknown error: 111" UserInfo={NSLocalizedDescription=Launchd job spawn failed}}}}}
|  ==error-description: Process failed to launch.
|  ==NSLocalizedFailureReason: Transaction failed. Process failed to launch. (process launch failed)

测试代码如下：

import UIKit

final class SomeViewController: UIViewController {
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        view.backgroundColor = .red
    }
}

@available(iOS 17, *)
#Preview {
    SomeViewController()
}

可行的解决方法 #

• 清理项目并重启Xcode
  执行Product > Clean Build Folder（快捷键Cmd+Shift+K），完全退出Xcode后重新打开项目尝试预览。
• 重置模拟器
  打开iPhone 15模拟器，执行Device > Erase All Content and Settings，重置完成后重新运行预览。
• 调整预览代码结构
  直接返回UIViewController可能触发启动异常，尝试用导航控制器包裹：

  @available(iOS 17, *)
  #Preview {
      UINavigationController(rootViewController: SomeViewController())
  }
  

• 检查签名配置
  进入项目Signing & Capabilities页面，确认签名证书、配置文件无过期或配置错误问题。
• 删除DerivedData文件夹
  手动删除路径~/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData下的项目缓存文件，重启Xcode后重新构建项目。
• 更新Xcode到稳定版
  若使用的是Xcode测试版，建议切换到最新稳定版，避免版本兼容性问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Max