Python Requests报错：'function' object is not iterable - Discord机器人问题

问题描述 #

开发的IdleRPG Discord机器人，单个函数单独运行正常，但整合后触发TypeError: 'function' object is not iterable错误，三个线程均会出现该问题。

原代码 #

import time
import datetime
import threading
import requests
import json
import getpass
import os

print()
print('-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
print()

user = getpass.getuser()
path = (f'C:/Users/{user}/autoadventure')
if os.path.exists(path) == True:
    pass
else:
    os.mkdir(path)
boosters = input('Do you have boosters enabled? Y/N ').upper()
adv = int(input('Which adventure did you want to idle? '))
leng = adv * 3600
chng = input('Are you using a different channel than last use? Y/N: ').upper()
if chng == 'Y':
    channelid = input('Input Channel ID for discord: ')
    f = open(f'C:/Users/{user}/autoadventure/channelid.txt', 'w+')
    f.write(f'{channelid}')
    f.close()
else:
    f = open(f'C:/Users/{user}/autoadventure/channelid.txt', 'r+')
    channelid = f.read()
    f.close()
auth = input('Has your authorization key changed? Y/N: ').upper()
if auth == 'Y':
    f = open(f'C:/Users/{user}/autoadventure/authkey.txt', 'w+')
    authcode = input('Please enter your authorization key: ')
    f.write(f'{authcode}')
    f.close()
else:
    f = open(f'C:/Users/{user}/autoadventure/authkey.txt', 'r+')
    authcode = f.read()
    f.close()
if boosters == 'Y':
    leng = leng/2
convert = datetime.timedelta(seconds=leng)

# payloads

url = f'https://discord.com/api/v9/channels/{channelid}/messages'

adventure = {
    'content': f"<@424606447867789312> adventure {adv}"
}
steal = {
    'content': f"<@424606447867789312> steal"
}
pray = {
    'content': f"<@424606447867789312> pray"
}
status = {
    'content': f"<@424606447867789312> status"
}
headers = {
        'authorization': f'{authcode}'
    }

def adventure():
    global adv
    msg= []
    counter = 0
    while True:
        time.sleep(5)
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=adventure,)
        print(f'Adventure Started | Level {adv} | Length {convert}')
        time.sleep(leng)
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=status,)
        counter = counter+1
        time.sleep(2)
        r2 = requests.get(url, headers=headers,)
        info = json.loads(r2.text)
        for value in info:
            msg.append(value['content'])
        check = msg[0]
        if check == (f'You reached a new level:'):
            adv = adv+1
            print(f'You leveled up! advancing to adventure {adv}!')
        print(f'Adventure {adv} Complete!')
        print(f'You have completed {counter} adventure(s) this session!')
def pray():
    while True:
        time.sleep(10)
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=pray,)
        print(f'Pray attempted, will try again in 5 hours')
        time.sleep(18000)

def steal():
    while True:
        time.sleep(15)
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=steal,)
        print(f'Steal attempted, will try again in 1 hour')
        time.sleep(3600)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    p1 = threading.Thread(target=adventure)
    p2 = threading.Thread(target=pray)
    p3 = threading.Thread(target=steal)

    p1.start()
    p2.start()
    p3.start()

报错信息 #

Exception in thread Thread-1 (adventure):
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\threading.py", line 1016, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\threading.py", line 953, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "c:\Users\ethan\Desktop\autoadventurenew.py", line 74, in adventure
    r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=adventure,)
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 115, in post
    return request("post", url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 59, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 589, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 703, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 486, in send
    resp = conn.urlopen(
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 703, in urlopen
    httplib_response = self._make_request(
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 396, in _make_request
    conn.request_chunked(method, url, **httplib_request_kw)
  File "C:\Users\ethan\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 265, in request_chunked
    for chunk in body:
TypeError: 'function' object is not iterable

问题原因 #

你定义的payload字典和同名函数重名了：

• 先定义了字典adventure，随后又定义了同名函数def adventure():，函数会覆盖之前的字典变量，导致在函数内调用requests.post(..., data=adventure)时，实际传入的是函数对象而非字典
• 同理pray和steal也存在完全相同的问题，字典与函数同名导致变量被覆盖

解决方案 #

修改payload字典的名称，避免与函数名冲突，比如给字典加上_payload后缀：

修改后的代码片段（关键部分） #

# payloads
url = f'https://discord.com/api/v9/channels/{channelid}/messages'

# 修改字典名称，避免与函数重名
adventure_payload = {
    'content': f"<@424606447867789312> adventure {adv}"
}
steal_payload = {
    'content': f"<@424606447867789312> steal"
}
pray_payload = {
    'content': f"<@424606447867789312> pray"
}
status = {
    'content': f"<@424606447867789312> status"
}
headers = {
        'authorization': f'{authcode}'
    }

def adventure():
    global adv
    msg= []
    counter = 0
    while True:
        time.sleep(5)
        # 使用修改后的字典名称
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=adventure_payload,)
        print(f'Adventure Started | Level {adv} | Length {convert}')
        time.sleep(leng)
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=status,)
        counter = counter+1
        time.sleep(2)
        r2 = requests.get(url, headers=headers,)
        info = json.loads(r2.text)
        for value in info:
            msg.append(value['content'])
        check = msg[0]
        if check == (f'You reached a new level:'):
            adv = adv+1
            print(f'You leveled up! advancing to adventure {adv}!')
        print(f'Adventure {adv} Complete!')
        print(f'You have completed {counter} adventure(s) this session!')
def pray():
    while True:
        time.sleep(10)
        # 使用修改后的字典名称
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=pray_payload,)
        print(f'Pray attempted, will try again in 5 hours')
        time.sleep(18000)

def steal():
    while True:
        time.sleep(15)
        # 使用修改后的字典名称
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=steal_payload,)
        print(f'Steal attempted, will try again in 1 hour')
        time.sleep(3600)

额外说明 #

单个函数运行时不会触发该问题，是因为单个函数不存在同名变量覆盖的情况；整合后函数定义会覆盖之前的字典，所以才会报错。后续代码中尽量保持变量名和函数名的唯一性，避免此类命名冲突问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ethan Murphy