MongoDB连接失败求助：Node.js代码无法插入数据

我的代码 #

var MongoClient = require("mongodb").MongoClient;
var url = "mongodb://localhost:27017/";

MongoClient.connect(url,function(err,db){
    if(err) throw err;
    var dbo = db.db("school");
    dbo.createCollection("students",function(err,res){
        console.log("collection created!!!");
    });
    var myObjList=[
        {
            name:"rohit",
            age:15,
            gpa:4.9
        },
        {
            name:"rahul",
            age:17,
            gpa:4.7
        }
    ]
    dbo.collection("students").insertMany(myObjList,function(err,res){
        if(err) throw err;
        console.log(res);
        db.close();
    })
});

控制台错误信息 #

const timeoutError = new error_1.MongoServerSelectionError(`Server selection timed out after ${serverSelectionTimeoutMS} ms`, this.description);
                                 ^

MongoServerSelectionError: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017
    at Timeout._onTimeout (C:\Users\Administrator\node_modules\mongodb\lib\sdam\topology.js:278:38)
    at listOnTimeout (node:internal/timers:564:17)
    at process.processTimers (node:internal/timers:507:7) {
  reason: TopologyDescription {
    type: 'Unknown',
    servers: Map(1) {
      'localhost:27017' => ServerDescription {
        address: 'localhost:27017',
        type: 'Unknown',
        hosts: [],
        passives: [],
        arbiters: [],
        tags: {},
        minWireVersion: 0,
        maxWireVersion: 0,
        roundTripTime: -1,
        lastUpdateTime: 2471400,
        lastWriteDate: 0,
        error: MongoNetworkError: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017
            at connectionFailureError (C:\Users\Administrator\node_modules\mongodb\lib\cmap\connect.js:379:20)
            at Socket.<anonymous> (C:\Users\Administrator\node_modules\mongodb\lib\cmap\connect.js:285:22)
            at Object.onceWrapper (node:events:628:26)
            at Socket.emit (node:events:513:28)
            at emitErrorNT (node:internal/streams/destroy:151:8)
            at emitErrorCloseNT (node:internal/streams/destroy:116:3)
            at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:82:21) {
          [Symbol(errorLabels)]: Set(1) { 'ResetPool' },
          [cause]: Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017
              at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1300:16) {
            errno: -4078,
            code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
            syscall: 'connect',
            address: '::1',
            port: 27017
          }
        },
        topologyVersion: null,
        setName: null,
        setVersion: null,
        electionId: null,
        logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes: null,
        primary: null,
        me: null,
        '$clusterTime': null
      }
    },
    stale: false,
    compatible: true,
    heartbeatFrequencyMS: 10000,
    localThresholdMS: 15,
    setName: null,
    maxElectionId: null,
    maxSetVersion: null,
    commonWireVersion: 0,
    logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes: null
  },
  code: undefined,
  [Symbol(errorLabels)]: Set(0) {},
  [cause]: MongoNetworkError: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017
      at connectionFailureError (C:\Users\Administrator\node_modules\mongodb\lib\cmap\connect.js:379:20)
      at Socket.<anonymous> (C:\Users\Administrator\node_modules\mongodb\lib\cmap\connect.js:285:22)
      at Object.onceWrapper (node:events:628:26)
      at Socket.emit (node:events:513:28)
      at emitErrorNT (node:internal/streams/destroy:151:8)
      at emitErrorCloseNT (node:internal/streams/destroy:116:3)
      at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:82:21) {
    [Symbol(errorLabels)]: Set(1) { 'ResetPool' },
    [cause]: Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017
        at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1300:16) {
      errno: -4078,
      code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
      syscall: 'connect',
      address: '::1',
      port: 27017
    }
  }
}

解决方法 #

• 启动MongoDB服务
  先确认本地MongoDB服务是否运行：

  • Windows：打开命令提示符，执行net start MongoDB；如果是手动启动，找到MongoDB安装目录的bin文件夹，运行mongod.exe
  • macOS/Linux：终端执行sudo systemctl start mongod（systemd系统），或者直接运行mongod命令
    服务启动后重新运行代码。

• 改用IPv4地址连接
  错误显示连接的是IPv6地址::1，可能MongoDB未监听IPv6。修改连接URL为：

  var url = "mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/";
  

• 检查端口占用
  确认27017端口未被其他程序占用：

  • Windows：netstat -ano | findstr :27017
  • macOS/Linux：lsof -i :27017
    若有占用，关闭对应进程或修改MongoDB监听端口。

• 修复代码异步逻辑
  原代码中createCollection是异步操作，直接执行后续insertMany可能导致集合未创建完成就插入。调整代码逻辑，将插入操作放到集合创建的回调内：

  var MongoClient = require("mongodb").MongoClient;
  var url = "mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/";
  
  MongoClient.connect(url, function(err, db) {
      if(err) throw err;
      var dbo = db.db("school");
      dbo.createCollection("students", function(err, res) {
          if(err) throw err;
          console.log("collection created!!!");
          var myObjList = [
              {name:"rohit", age:15, gpa:4.9},
              {name:"rahul", age:17, gpa:4.7}
          ];
          dbo.collection("students").insertMany(myObjList, function(err, res) {
              if(err) throw err;
              console.log("插入成功，共插入" + res.insertedCount + "条数据");
              db.close();
          });
      });
  });
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者rohit