Ubuntu环境运行Qiskit报错：pyximport无get_distutils_extension属性

运行代码 #

import warnings   
import numpy as np
from scipy.optimize import minimize
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, execute, Aer
from qiskit.aqua import QuantumInstance

报错信息 #

(qiskit_0.23.6) m99693@alveo:~/RESEARCH_WORK/code-main$ python testing.py 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testing.py", line 5, in <module>
    from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, execute, Aer
  File "/home/m992c693/anaconda3/envs/qiskit_0.23.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/__init__.py", line 57, in <module>
    from qiskit.providers.aer import Aer
  File "/home/m992c693/anaconda3/envs/qiskit_0.23.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/providers/aer/__init__.py", line 64, in <module>
    from .aerprovider import AerProvider
  File "/home/m99693/anaconda3/envs/qiskit_0.23.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/providers/aer/aerprovider.py", line 20, in <module>
    from .backends.qasm_simulator import QasmSimulator
  File "/home/m99693/anaconda3/envs/qiskit_0.23.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/providers/aer/backends/__init__.py", line 20, in <module>
    from .pulse_simulator import PulseSimulator
  File "/home/m99693/anaconda3/envs/qiskit_0.23.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/providers/aer/backends/pulse_simulator.py", line 26, in <module>
    from ..pulse.controllers.pulse_controller import pulse_controller
  File "/home/m99693/anaconda3/envs/qiskit_0.23.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/providers/aer/pulse/__init__.py", line 50, in <module>
    from .qutip_extra_lite.cy import pyxbuilder as pbldr
  File "/home/m99693/anaconda3/envs/qiskit_0.23.6/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/providers/aer/pulse/qutip_extra_lite/cy/pyxbuilder.py", line 55, in <module>
    OLD_EXT = pyximport.pyximport.get_distutils_extension
AttributeError: module 'pyximport.pyximport' has no attribute 'get_distutils_extension'

环境依赖版本 #

问题说明 #

仅Ubuntu实验室系统出现该报错，Windows笔记本相同版本配置下可正常运行，推测为操作系统相关的依赖兼容问题。

解决方案 #

1. 降级Cython版本 #

报错原因是高版本Cython中的pyximport模块移除了get_distutils_extension属性，而旧版Qiskit（0.23.6）依赖该属性。执行以下命令安装兼容版本：

# 使用pip安装
pip install cython==0.29.24

# 或使用conda安装
conda install cython=0.29.24

2. 验证并重新运行 #

运行pip show cython确认版本已降级至0.29.24，之后重新执行代码即可。

3. 备选方案：重装qiskit-aer #

如果降级Cython后仍有问题，尝试重新安装指定版本的qiskit-aer：

pip uninstall qiskit-aer -y
pip install qiskit-aer==0.7.5 --no-cache-dir

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者mchaudh4