如何在GCP文本转语音Python客户端中设置正确的项目ID？

我在用GCP Python SDK的文本转语音示例，已经通过gcloud auth login登录并正确设置了项目，但运行示例时，SDK指向了错误的项目ID，报错如下：

raise exceptions.from_grpc_error(exc) from exc
google.api_core.exceptions.PermissionDenied: 403 This API method requires billing to be enabled. Please enable billing on project #841741138139 by visiting https://console.developers.google.com/billing/enable?project=xxxxxxx then retry. If you enabled billing for this project recently, wait a few minutes for the action to propagate to our systems and retry. [links {
description: "Google developers console billing"
url: "https://console.developers.google.com/billing/enable?project=xxxx"

尝试设置GCP_PROJECT环境变量没用，想知道怎么在Python客户端里设置正确的项目ID。

方法1：客户端初始化时显式指定项目ID #

直接在创建TextToSpeechClient实例时传入正确的项目ID参数：

from google.cloud import texttospeech

# 替换为你的正确项目ID
client = texttospeech.TextToSpeechClient(project="your-correct-project-id")

方法2：设置正确的环境变量 #

GCP Python SDK读取的是GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT环境变量，而非GCP_PROJECT，按系统类型设置后再运行脚本：

• Linux/macOS终端：

  export GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT="your-correct-project-id"
  python your_script.py
  

• Windows命令提示符：

  set GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT=your-correct-project-id
  python your_script.py
  

• Windows PowerShell：

  $env:GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT="your-correct-project-id"
  python your_script.py
  

方法3：设置gcloud默认项目 #

确保本地gcloud工具的默认项目为正确值：

gcloud config set project "your-correct-project-id"

设置完成后重新运行脚本，SDK会自动读取该默认项目。

方法4：使用服务账号密钥文件 #

若上述方法无效，可下载正确项目的服务账号密钥JSON文件，通过以下方式指定：

方式A：环境变量指定密钥路径 #

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="/path/to/your/service-account-key.json"

方式B：代码中直接加载密钥 #

from google.cloud import texttospeech
from google.oauth2 import service_account

credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
    "/path/to/your/service-account-key.json"
)
client = texttospeech.TextToSpeechClient(credentials=credentials, project="your-correct-project-id")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kintarō