Flutter构建报错：Kotlin模块版本不兼容问题求助

报错详情 #

e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/444158a5a1a4ac8afe9995117e41cb16/transformed/jetified-activity-1.7.2/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/activity_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/96e72aa9eba981daa2622d9cddde23a6/transformed/lifecycle-livedata-core-2.6.1/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/lifecycle-livedata-core_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/11f9be4c8aaa5d617a7cc1ff1672b6c0/transformed/lifecycle-livedata-2.6.1/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/lifecycle-livedata_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/7ca6a80d16b19d6ba21adc9e99e0a094/transformed/lifecycle-viewmodel-2.6.1/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/lifecycle-viewmodel_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/d4006b5d1fcd84b1354bccc2a4c2c3b3/transformed/jetified-lifecycle-viewmodel-savedstate-2.6.1/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/lifecycle-viewmodel-savedstate_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/ec9c5c926719529ab2408cb95b7aa427/transformed/jetified-core-ktx-1.10.1/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/core-ktx_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/19827b4a5aaa9813188135a9c7d867bd/transformed/core-1.10.1/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/core_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/943f3ada3ec6ed557111efe6a04b12b5/transformed/lifecycle-runtime-2.6.1/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/lifecycle-runtime_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/androidx.lifecycle/lifecycle-common/2.6.1/10f354fdb64868baecd67128560c5a0d6312c495/lifecycle-common-2.6.1.jar!/META-INF/lifecycle-common.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/2e721f1bf4bd80f56fac75a967298751/transformed/jetified-savedstate-1.2.1/jars/classes.jar!/META-INF/savedstate_release.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.8.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.jetbrains.kotlin/kotlin-stdlib/1.9.0/8ee15ef0c67dc83d874f412d84378d7f0eb50b63/kotlin-stdlib-1.9.0.jar!/META-INF/kotlin-stdlib.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.9.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.jetbrains.kotlin/kotlin-stdlib/1.9.0/8ee15ef0c67dc83d874f412d84378d7f0eb50b63/kotlin-stdlib-1.9.0.jar!/META-INF/kotlin-stdlib-jdk8.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.9.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.jetbrains.kotlin/kotlin-stdlib/1.9.0/8ee15ef0c67dc83d874f412d84378d7f0eb50b63/kotlin-stdlib-1.9.0.jar!/META-INF/kotlin-stdlib-jdk7.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.9.0, expected version is 1.6.0.
e: C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.jetbrains.kotlin/kotlin-stdlib-common/1.9.0/cd65c21cfd1eec4d44ef09f9f52b6d9f8a720636/kotlin-stdlib-common-1.9.0.jar!/META-INF/kotlin-stdlib-common.kotlin_module: Module was compiled with an incompatible version of Kotlin. The binary version of its metadata is 1.9.0, expected version is 1.6.0.

当前项目级build.gradle配置 #

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.9.0'
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.3.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"

        // Add the dependency for the Google services Gradle plugin
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.15'
    }
}

已尝试的操作 #

• 更新所有依赖至最新版本
• 尝试社区常见解决方案（StackOverflow、GitHub）
• 执行flutter clean后重建
• 清除Gradle缓存
• 修改Kotlin版本号
• 添加指定配置项

解决方案 #

1. 统一项目与模块的Kotlin版本 #

打开android/app/build.gradle，确保依赖中的Kotlin版本和项目级配置一致：

dependencies {
    // 确认该行存在且版本匹配
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version"
}

2. 升级Android Gradle Plugin（AGP）版本 #

Kotlin 1.9.0需要AGP 7.4.0及以上版本支持，修改项目级build.gradle中的AGP版本：

classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.4.2' // 可替换为更高兼容稳定版

3. 强制统一Kotlin依赖版本 #

在项目级build.gradle中添加版本强制策略，避免依赖冲突：

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
    configurations.all {
        resolutionStrategy {
            force "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.9.0"
            force "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.9.0"
            force "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.9.0"
            force "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-common:1.9.0"
        }
    }
}

4. 彻底清除缓存并重建 #

• 执行flutter clean
• 删除项目根目录下的.gradle文件夹
• 删除本地Gradle缓存目录（Windows路径：C:/Users/Omer/.gradle/caches）
• 重启Android Studio，依次执行flutter pub get和重新构建项目

5. 升级Flutter SDK版本 #

确保Flutter SDK版本与Kotlin 1.9.0兼容，执行命令升级到最新稳定版：

flutter upgrade

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Omer Sha'ashua