.NET 7 iOS应用启动崩溃：执行原生代码时触发SIGABRT

将Xamarin.iOS应用迁移至.NET 7后，应用启动时直接崩溃，且新建空白iOS项目也出现相同问题。

崩溃日志 #

=================================================================
    Native Crash Reporting
=================================================================
Got a SIGABRT while executing native code. This usually indicates
a fatal error in the mono runtime or one of the native libraries 
used by your application.
=================================================================
=================================================================
    Basic Fault Address Reporting
=================================================================
Memory around native instruction pointer (0x1d8e3101c):0x1d8e3100c  ff 0f 5f d6 c0 03 5f d6 10 29 80 d2 01 10 00 d4  .._..._..)......
0x1d8e3101c  03 01 00 54 7f 23 03 d5 fd 7b bf a9 fd 03 00 91  ...T.#...{......
0x1d8e3102c  e8 dd ff 97 bf 03 00 91 fd 7b c1 a8 ff 0f 5f d6  .........{...._.
0x1d8e3103c  c0 03 5f d6 7f 23 03 d5 ff c3 00 d1 f4 4f 01 a9  .._..#.......O..

=================================================================
    Managed Stacktrace:
=================================================================
      at <unknown> <0xffffffff>
      at System.Environment:FailFast <0x00028>
      at System.Environment:FailFast <0x00018>
      at System.SR:InternalGetResourceString <0x001ba>
      at System.SR:GetResourceString <0x00044>
      at System.SR:get_Arg_DllNotFoundException <0x00010>
      at System.DllNotFoundException:.ctor <0x00010>
      at System.Object:runtime_invoke_direct_void__this__ <0x00080>
      at <unknown> <0x00000>
      at <unknown> <0xffffffff>
      at Sys:<GetEnv>g____PInvoke|0_0 <0x0004a>
      at Sys:GetEnv <0x0009c>
      at System.Environment:GetEnvironmentVariableCore <0x00028>
      at System.Environment:GetEnvironmentVariable <0x00026>
      at System.AppContextConfigHelper:GetBooleanConfig <0x00032>
      at Settings:.cctor <0x00046>
      at System.Object:runtime_invoke_direct_void <0x0007a>
      at <unknown> <0x00000>
      at <unknown> <0xffffffff>
      at System.Globalization.GlobalizationMode:get_Invariant <0x0000a>
      at System.Resources.ManifestBasedResourceGroveler:GetNeutralResourcesLanguage <0x00036>
      at System.Resources.ResourceManager:CommonAssemblyInit <0x000b2>
      at System.Resources.ResourceManager:.ctor <0x000ce>
      at System.SR:get_ResourceManager <0x00028>
      at System.SR:InternalGetResourceString <0x002ae>
      at System.SR:GetResourceString <0x00044>
      at System.SR:get_Arg_DllNotFoundException <0x00010>
      at System.DllNotFoundException:.ctor <0x00010>
      at System.Object:runtime_invoke_direct_void__this__ <0x00080>
      at <unknown> <0x00000>
      at <unknown> <0xffffffff>
      at Sys:Malloc <0x0004a>
      at System.Runtime.InteropServices.NativeMemory:Alloc <0x00040>
      at System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal:AllocHGlobal <0x00010>
      at System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal:AllocHGlobal <0x00016>
      at System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal:StringToHGlobalUTF8 <0x00074>
      at System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal:StringToHGlobalAuto <0x00010>
      at ObjCRuntime.TransientString:.ctor <0x0003c>
      at ObjCRuntime.Class:objc_getClass <0x00020>
      at ObjCRuntime.Class:GetHandle <0x00010>
      at Foundation.NSObject:.cctor <0x00030>
      at System.Object:runtime_invoke_direct_void <0x0007a>
      at <unknown> <0x00000>
      at <unknown> <0xffffffff>
      at ObjCRuntime.Runtime:Initialize <0x0016e>
      at <Module>:runtime_invoke_direct_void_Runtime/InitializationOptions* <0x00086>
      at <unknown> <0x00000>
=================================================================

项目.csproj配置 #

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net7.0-ios</TargetFramework>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <Nullable>disable</Nullable>
    <ImplicitUsings>false</ImplicitUsings>
    <SupportedOSPlatformVersion>11.0</SupportedOSPlatformVersion>
    <UseInterpreter>true</UseInterpreter>
    <RuntimeIdentifiers>ios-arm64</RuntimeIdentifiers>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
    <CreatePackage>false</CreatePackage>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
    <CreatePackage>false</CreatePackage>
  </PropertyGroup>
</Project>

环境信息 #

• Visual Studio for Mac 17.6.5（最新版本）
• Xcode 15，已尝试降级至14.3，问题依旧

排查与修复步骤 #

从堆栈日志看，崩溃根源是DllNotFoundException触发的Environment.FailFast，属于运行时初始化阶段的原生依赖加载异常，可按以下步骤解决：

1. 移除UseInterpreter配置
   在项目PropertyGroup中删除<UseInterpreter>true</UseInterpreter>，解释器模式在部分环境下会导致原生依赖加载异常，改用默认的JIT/AOT编译模式。

2. 更新.NET 7 iOS工作负载
   打开终端执行命令更新iOS工作负载，确保版本与VS Mac兼容：

   dotnet workload update ios
   

3. 清理项目与IDE缓存

   • 删除项目目录下的bin、obj文件夹
   • 打开Visual Studio for Mac，依次点击Visual Studio菜单 -> Preferences -> Locations，点击Clear按钮清理IDE缓存
   • 重启IDE后重新构建项目

4. 验证.NET SDK版本
   执行dotnet --version查看当前.NET 7版本，若不是最新补丁版本，执行dotnet update更新SDK至最新。

5. 检查系统环境变量
   堆栈显示调用System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable时出错，排查系统中是否存在损坏的.NET、Xcode相关环境变量，必要时重置环境变量。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Matan