如何在C# .NET 2.0中获取指定类型网卡的MAC地址

以下分平台给出实现方案，均满足优先取以太网（RJ45）MAC、无以太网则取WiFi MAC、排除虚拟/VMware/VPN适配器的需求，且不关心网卡激活状态：

Windows 平台 #

PowerShell 脚本实现 #

# 定义需排除的虚拟适配器关键词
$excludeKeywords = @("VMware", "VPN", "Virtual", "Hyper-V")

# 筛选物理网卡，排除关键词后按优先级排序（以太网>WiFi>其他）
$targetNics = Get-NetAdapter -Physical | Where-Object {
    $desc = $_.InterfaceDescription
    !($excludeKeywords | Where-Object { $desc -match $_ })
} | Sort-Object {
    switch -Regex ($_.InterfaceDescription) {
        'Ethernet|RJ45' { 0 }
        'Wireless|WiFi|WLAN' { 1 }
        default { 2 }
    }
}

# 输出结果
if ($targetNics.Count -gt 0) {
    Write-Host "目标MAC地址：$($targetNics[0].MacAddress)"
} else {
    Write-Host "未找到符合条件的物理网卡"
}

命令行快速执行 #

wmic nic where "PhysicalAdapter=True AND NOT Description LIKE '%VMware%' AND NOT Description LIKE '%VPN%' AND NOT Description LIKE '%Virtual%'" get MACAddress,Description | findstr /v "MACAddress" | sort /r /+20

执行后输出的第一条MAC即为优先级最高的目标地址（以太网在前，WiFi在后）

Linux 平台 #

Bash 脚本实现 #

#!/bin/bash

# 排除的虚拟适配器关键词
exclude=("vmware" "vpn" "virtual" "tun" "tap")

# 优先获取以太网MAC（适配eth*/enp*命名规则）
ethernet_mac=$(ip link show | grep -E '(eth|enp)' | awk '{print $0}' | grep -v -i "${exclude[@]}" | awk '/link\/ether/ {print $2}' | head -n 1)

if [ -n "$ethernet_mac" ]; then
    echo "以太网MAC地址：$ethernet_mac"
else
    # 无以太网则获取WiFi MAC（适配wlan*/wlp*命名规则）
    wifi_mac=$(ip link show | grep -E '(wlan|wlp)' | awk '{print $0}' | grep -v -i "${exclude[@]}" | awk '/link\/ether/ {print $2}' | head -n 1)
    if [ -n "$wifi_mac" ]; then
        echo "WiFi MAC地址：$wifi_mac"
    else
        echo "未找到符合条件的物理网卡"
    fi
fi

macOS 平台 #

Bash 脚本实现 #

#!/bin/bash

# 排除的虚拟适配器关键词
exclude=("VMware" "VPN" "Virtual")

# 优先获取以太网MAC
ethernet_mac=$(networksetup -listallhardwareports | awk '/Ethernet/ {getline; getline; print $NF}' | grep -v -F "${exclude[@]}")

if [ -n "$ethernet_mac" ]; then
    echo "以太网MAC地址：$ethernet_mac"
else
    # 无以太网则获取WiFi MAC
    wifi_mac=$(networksetup -listallhardwareports | awk '/Wi-Fi/ {getline; getline; print $NF}')
    if [ -n "$wifi_mac" ]; then
        echo "WiFi MAC地址：$wifi_mac"
    else
        echo "未找到符合条件的物理网卡"
    fi
fi

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Hello World