C#中Excel标准工具栏CommandBarButton点击事件不触发问题

我编写了以下C#代码，用于捕获激活的Excel实例中标准工具栏按钮的点击事件。代码能够找到标准工具栏，但点击事件（例如Font工具栏上的Bold按钮）并未触发。这并非Excel插件开发场景，而是对现有工具栏按钮的事件监听，请问我哪里出错了？

private void CaptureExcelInteractions()
{
    Excel.Application excelApp = null;

    // Get the process ID of the active window
    IntPtr hwnd = GetForegroundWindow();
    uint processId;
    GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd, out processId);

    try
    {
        // Enumerate running Excel processes
        Process[] processes = Process.GetProcessesByName("EXCEL");

        foreach (Process process in processes)
        {
            if (process.Id == (int)processId)
            {
                // This Excel process is the active one
                excelApp = (Excel.Application)System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetActiveObject("Excel.Application");
                break;
            }
        }

        if (excelApp == null)
        {
            // No active Excel instance found
            Console.WriteLine("No active Excel instance found.");
            return;
        }
    }
    catch (System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException ex)
    {
        // Handle exceptions if Excel is not running or not accessible
        Console.WriteLine("Excel is not running or not accessible. Error: " + ex.Message);
        return;
    }

    // Reference the active worksheet
    Excel.Worksheet activeWorksheet = (Excel.Worksheet)excelApp.ActiveSheet;

    // Capture cell changes and subscribe to Excel
    excelApp.SheetChange += (object sh, Excel.Range target) =>
    {
        string cellAddress = target.Address;
        string newValue = (string)target.Text;
        Console.WriteLine($"Cell {cellAddress} changed to: {newValue}");
    };

    
    // Get a reference to the CommandBars
    foreach (CommandBar commandBar in excelApp.CommandBars)
    {
        foreach (CommandBarControl control in commandBar.Controls)
        {
            if (control is CommandBarButton button)
            {
                button.Click += (CommandBarButton ctrl, ref bool cancelDefault) =>
                {
                    string buttonName = ctrl.Caption;
                    Console.WriteLine($"CommandBarButton clicked: {buttonName}");
                };
            }
        }
    }


    // Keep this method running to capture events
    while (isMonitoring && !isPaused)
    {
        // Add a delay or use other mechanisms to keep the method running
        Thread.Sleep(1000);
    }

    Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excelApp);
    // Stop Excel event handling
    excelApp.Quit();
}

代码中已成功捕获SheetChange事件，但CommandBarButton的Click事件无响应，期望点击Bold按钮时控制台能输出相关信息，但未实现。

• COM对象引用被垃圾回收：遍历CommandBar和CommandBarControl时，临时创建的按钮实例会被GC自动回收，导致事件订阅失效。需要将这些按钮实例保存到全局集合中维持引用：

  1. 先定义全局集合：

     private List<CommandBarButton> _trackedButtons = new List<CommandBarButton>();
     

  2. 遍历控件时将按钮加入集合：

     if (control is CommandBarButton button)
     {
         button.Click += (CommandBarButton ctrl, ref bool cancelDefault) =>
         {
             string buttonName = ctrl.Caption;
             Console.WriteLine($"CommandBarButton clicked: {buttonName}");
         };
         _trackedButtons.Add(button); // 保存引用防止GC回收
     }
     

• 现代Excel使用Ribbon而非传统CommandBar：2007及以后版本的Excel默认使用Ribbon界面，你要监听的Bold按钮属于Ribbon控件，并非传统CommandBarButton。遍历CommandBar只能找到旧版兼容工具栏的控件，无法捕获Ribbon按钮的点击事件。非插件场景下，只能通过Windows API钩子（如SetWindowsHookEx）捕获窗口消息来实现监听。

• 资源释放逻辑错误：代码中在循环结束后立即释放excelApp并调用Quit()，会提前终止COM对象并关闭用户正在使用的Excel实例。应先停止监听循环，再释放资源，且不要随意调用Quit()。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Lucky man